PMID- 7828768
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19950223
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 0070-3370 (Print)
IS  - 0070-3370 (Linking)
VI  - 31
IP  - 3
DP  - 1994 Aug
TI  - Double jeopardy: interaction effects of marital and poverty status on the risk of 
      mortality.
PG  - 487-507
AB  - The purpose of this paper is to examine the hypothesis that marital and poverty 
      status interact in their effects on mortality risks beyond their main effects. 
      This study examines the epidemiological bases for applying an additive rather 
      than a multiplicative specification when testing for interaction between two 
      discrete risk factors. We specifically predict that risks associated with being 
      nonmarried and with being poor interact to produce mortality risks that are 
      greater than each risk acting independently. The analysis is based on men and 
      women who were ages 25-74 during the 1971-1975 National Health and Nutrition 
      Examination Survey I (NHANES I) and who were traced successfully in the NHANES I 
      Epidemiologic Follow-Up Study in 1982-1984. Overall, being both poor and 
      nonmarried places nonelderly (ages 25-64) men, but not women, at risk of 
      mortality greater than that expected from the main effects. This study shows that 
      for all-cause mortality, marital and poverty status interact for men but less so 
      for women; these findings exist when interaction is assessed with either a 
      multiplicative or an additive standard. This difference is most pronounced for 
      poor, widowed men and (to a lesser degree) poor, divorced men. For 
      violent/accidental deaths among men, the interaction effects are large on the 
      basis of an additive model. Weak main and interaction effects were detected for 
      the elderly (age 65+).
FAU - Smith, K R
AU  - Smith KR
AD  - Department of Family and Consumer Studies, University of Utah, Salt Lake City 
      84112.
FAU - Waitzman, N J
AU  - Waitzman NJ
LA  - eng
GR  - AG06363/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
PL  - United States
TA  - Demography
JT  - Demography
JID - 0226703
SB  - IM
MH  - Accidents/mortality
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - *Cause of Death
MH  - Coronary Disease/mortality
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Marital Status/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - *Mortality
MH  - Neoplasms/mortality
MH  - Poverty/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - Sex Ratio
MH  - United States/epidemiology
EDAT- 1994/08/01 00:00
MHDA- 1994/08/01 00:01
CRDT- 1994/08/01 00:00
PHST- 1994/08/01 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1994/08/01 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1994/08/01 00:00 [entrez]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Demography. 1994 Aug;31(3):487-507.