PMID- 7891167 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 19950417 LR - 20191210 IS - 0270-6474 (Print) IS - 1529-2401 (Electronic) IS - 0270-6474 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 3 Pt 2 DP - 1995 Mar TI - Visual short-term memory of stimulus velocity in patients with unilateral posterior brain damage. PG - 2287-300 AB - Neurophysiological studies indicate the existence of an area in the extrastriate monkey cortex specialized for the processing of stimulus motion. The present investigation was conducted to determine whether a homologous area exits in the human cortex that underlies the processing and short-term storage of velocity information. Contrast detection and velocity discrimination thresholds were measured in a group of 23 patients with unilateral focal damage to either the lateral occipital, temporal, or posterior parietal cortex. Their results were compared to those of 23 age-matched control subjects. Detection and discrimination thresholds were determined for spatially truncated sinewave gratings presented 4 degrees eccentric of fixation randomly in either the left and right visual fields. Contrast detection thresholds were measured in a spatial two-alternative forced-choice paradigm for three different drift rates (1, 2, and 4 Hz) for leftward and rightward drift directions. Simultaneous velocity discrimination thresholds were determined for reference and test gratings presented 4 degrees left and right of fixation. Sequential velocity discrimination thresholds were measured using a delay, with a interstimulus interval (ISIs) of 1, 3, and 10 sec. In a subset of five patients with superior temporal lobe damage, spatial frequency discrimination thresholds for stationary gratings were also determined. The results indicate the following: (1) contrast detection thresholds for drifting gratings did not significantly differ between the patient and control groups; (2) velocity discrimination thresholds were significantly elevated in the patients; (3) velocity discrimination thresholds significantly increased with increasing ISI in the patients; (4) velocity discrimination thresholds were elevated most when the patients had a lesion in the superior temporal cortex; (5) in the subgroup of five patients with superior temporal lobe damage, spatial frequency discrimination thresholds were not significantly elevated. The results suggest that there is a visual area in the human posterior temporal cortex that is involved in the processing and short-term storage of the velocity of moving visual stimuli. FAU - Greenlee, M W AU - Greenlee MW AD - Neurologische Universitatsklinik, Freiburg, Germany. FAU - Lang, H J AU - Lang HJ FAU - Mergner, T AU - Mergner T FAU - Seeger, W AU - Seeger W LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - United States TA - J Neurosci JT - The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience JID - 8102140 SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Brain Neoplasms/physiopathology MH - Cerebrovascular Disorders/physiopathology MH - *Contrast Sensitivity MH - *Discrimination, Psychological MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations/physiopathology MH - Male MH - Memory Disorders/etiology/physiopathology MH - *Memory, Short-Term MH - Middle Aged MH - *Motion Perception MH - Neuropsychological Tests MH - Occipital Lobe/*physiopathology MH - Sensory Thresholds MH - Somatosensory Cortex/*physiopathology MH - Temporal Lobe/*physiopathology MH - *Time Perception PMC - PMC6578178 EDAT- 1995/03/01 00:00 MHDA- 1995/03/01 00:01 PMCR- 1995/09/01 CRDT- 1995/03/01 00:00 PHST- 1995/03/01 00:00 [pubmed] PHST- 1995/03/01 00:01 [medline] PHST- 1995/03/01 00:00 [entrez] PHST- 1995/09/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.15-03-02287.1995 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Neurosci. 1995 Mar;15(3 Pt 2):2287-300. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.15-03-02287.1995.