PMID- 8125515
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19940414
LR  - 20061115
IS  - 0171-2985 (Print)
IS  - 0171-2985 (Linking)
VI  - 189
IP  - 3-4
DP  - 1993 Nov
TI  - Role of cytokines in tuberculosis.
PG  - 316-39
AB  - Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium bovis are facultative intracellular 
      pathogens which preferentially utilize the macrophage as their host cell. 
      Acquired resistance against mycobacteria depends on T cells which activate 
      antimicrobial macrophage functions via the release of cytokines. The data 
      summarized below suggest an important role for interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) as 
      well as the B cell-stimulatory factors interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-6 in the 
      induction of tuberculostatic macrophage functions. Growth inhibition of 
      mycobacteria by cytokine-stimulated macrophages is mediated by reactive nitrogen 
      intermediates (RNI) derived from L-arginine. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha 
      (TNF-alpha) and IL-10 act as autocrine regulators in the induction of the enzyme 
      NO-synthase. Both cytokines are produced by macrophages stimulated with IFN-gamma 
      and infected with M. bovis. While TNF-alpha mediates activation of the 
      NO-synthase and production of RNI, IL-10 suppresses this enzyme activity. The 
      outcome of mycobacterial infection is probably regulated by a complex network 
      between stimulatory and inhibitory cytokines.
FAU - Flesch, I E
AU  - Flesch IE
AD  - Department of Immunology, University of Ulm, Germany.
FAU - Kaufmann, S H
AU  - Kaufmann SH
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Immunobiology
JT  - Immunobiology
JID - 8002742
RN  - 0 (Cytokines)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Cytokines/*physiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Macrophages/enzymology/immunology
MH  - Mycobacterium tuberculosis/growth & development/immunology
MH  - Phagocytosis/physiology
MH  - T-Lymphocytes/immunology
MH  - Tuberculosis/*immunology/microbiology
RF  - 120
EDAT- 1993/11/01 00:00
MHDA- 1993/11/01 00:01
CRDT- 1993/11/01 00:00
PHST- 1993/11/01 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1993/11/01 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1993/11/01 00:00 [entrez]
AID - S0171-2985(11)80364-5 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/S0171-2985(11)80364-5 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Immunobiology. 1993 Nov;189(3-4):316-39. doi: 10.1016/S0171-2985(11)80364-5.