PMID- 8220653
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19931209
LR  - 20140603
VI  - 17
IP  - 9
DP  - 1993 Sep
TI  - Evidence for brain serotonin-mediated control of carbohydrate consumption in 
      normal weight and obese humans.
PG  - 513-20
AB  - A plasma insulin and amino acid-mediated mechanism is thought to modulate brain 
      serotonin concentration, thereby regulating carbohydrate consumption on a meal to 
      meal basis. It has been suggested that obesity is associated with a defect in the 
      appetite control system. Furthermore, post-absorptive plasma levels of several 
      amino acids are increased in obese subjects, which is ascribed to 
      obesity-associated insulin resistance and/or hyperinsulinemia. We studied 
      breakfast-induced changes in plasma ratios of tryptophan to other large neutral 
      amino acids and associated differences in macro-nutrient composition of lunch 
      food in normal weight and obese human subjects. The study was randomized, double 
      blind and cross-over with a 2 x 2 factorial design with drug/placebo and type of 
      breakfast as factors. Nineteen healthy, non-obese (body mass index (BMI) 22.5 +/- 
      1.9 kg/m2, mean +/- s.d.) and 19 obese (BMI 34.7 +/- 6.2 kg/m2) female volunteers 
      were treated with either 60 mg fluoxetine (FXT), a serotonin re-uptake blocker 
      specifically acting in the brain, or placebo for four days with a wash-out period 
      between treatments of four weeks. The subjects received either a carbohydrate 
      (CHO) breakfast (80 g maltodextrin, 300 kcal) or a protein-rich (PROT) breakfast 
      (60% milk protein and 40% CHO, 300 kcal) on two consecutive days (days 4 and 5 of 
      each treatment period). Plasma glucose, insulin and amino acids were measured at 
      several time points after breakfast. Three hours after breakfast, subjects were 
      able to choose from 29 different food items. Total energy content and weight of 
      lunch food and energy percentage of each macronutrient were calculated.(ABSTRACT 
      TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
FAU - Pijl, H
AU  - Pijl H
AD  - Department of General Internal Medicine, University Hospital Leiden, The 
      Netherlands.
FAU - Koppeschaar, H P
AU  - Koppeschaar HP
FAU - Cohen, A F
AU  - Cohen AF
FAU - Iestra, J A
AU  - Iestra JA
FAU - Schoemaker, H C
AU  - Schoemaker HC
FAU - Frolich, M
AU  - Frolich M
FAU - Onkenhout, W
AU  - Onkenhout W
FAU - Meinders, A E
AU  - Meinders AE
LA  - eng
PT  - Clinical Trial
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Randomized Controlled Trial
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - England
TA  - Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord
JT  - International journal of obesity and related metabolic disorders : journal of the 
      International Association for the Study of Obesity
JID - 9313169
RN  - 0 (Amino Acids)
RN  - 0 (Blood Glucose)
RN  - 0 (Dietary Carbohydrates)
RN  - 0 (Dietary Fats)
RN  - 0 (Dietary Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Insulin)
RN  - 01K63SUP8D (Fluoxetine)
RN  - 333DO1RDJY (Serotonin)
RN  - 8DUH1N11BX (Tryptophan)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Amino Acids/blood
MH  - Analysis of Variance
MH  - Appetite Regulation/drug effects/*physiology
MH  - Blood Glucose/analysis
MH  - Brain/*metabolism
MH  - Diet
MH  - Dietary Carbohydrates/*administration & dosage/pharmacology
MH  - Dietary Fats/administration & dosage
MH  - Dietary Proteins/administration & dosage/pharmacology
MH  - Double-Blind Method
MH  - Energy Intake
MH  - Female
MH  - Fluoxetine/pharmacology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Insulin/blood
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Obesity/*etiology/metabolism/physiopathology
MH  - Serotonin/*physiology
MH  - Tryptophan/blood
EDAT- 1993/09/01 00:00
MHDA- 1993/09/01 00:01
CRDT- 1993/09/01 00:00
PHST- 1993/09/01 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1993/09/01 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1993/09/01 00:00 [entrez]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1993 Sep;17(9):513-20.