PMID- 8385314
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19930503
LR  - 20190501
IS  - 0305-1048 (Print)
IS  - 1362-4962 (Electronic)
IS  - 0305-1048 (Linking)
VI  - 21
IP  - 5
DP  - 1993 Mar 11
TI  - RXR-dependent and RXR-independent transactivation by retinoic acid receptors.
PG  - 1231-7
AB  - The binding affinity of retinoic acid receptors (RARs) to their response elements 
      is strongly enhanced in vitro by the formation of heterodimers with retinoid X 
      receptors (RXRs) suggesting that heterodimerization with RXR may be a 
      prerequisite for a RAR-mediated transcriptional response. We found that in 
      Drosophila SL-3 cells that are devoid of endogenous RARs and RXRs the presence of 
      RAR is sufficient to confer a response to all-trans retinoic acid (RA). The 
      transfection of both RAR and RXR and stimulation with their respective ligands 
      all-trans and 9-cis RA leads to a synergistic response. On point mutations of the 
      RAR beta 2 gene promoter RA response element (RARE) the stimulation by RARs 
      showed distinct differences in the absence and presence of RXR. The same 
      differences in transcriptional activity are observed, if mammalian cells 
      containing endogenous RARs and RXRs are stimulated with all-trans RA only or 
      additionally with 9-cis RA. This establishes an RXR-independent and an 
      RXR-dependent pathway of all-trans RA action in Drosophila SL-3 cells as well as 
      in mammalian cells. The presence or absence of 9-cis RA determines by which of 
      the two pathways a response to all-trans RA is mediated.
FAU - Schrader, M
AU  - Schrader M
AD  - Clinique de Dermatologie, Hopital Cantonal Universitaire, Geneve, Switzerland.
FAU - Wyss, A
AU  - Wyss A
FAU - Sturzenbecker, L J
AU  - Sturzenbecker LJ
FAU - Grippo, J F
AU  - Grippo JF
FAU - LeMotte, P
AU  - LeMotte P
FAU - Carlberg, C
AU  - Carlberg C
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - England
TA  - Nucleic Acids Res
JT  - Nucleic acids research
JID - 0411011
RN  - 0 (Carrier Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, Cell Surface)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, Retinoic Acid)
RN  - 0 (Retinoid X Receptors)
RN  - 0 (Transcription Factors)
RN  - 5688UTC01R (Tretinoin)
RN  - 9007-49-2 (DNA)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Base Sequence
MH  - Carrier Proteins/*metabolism
MH  - Cell Line
MH  - DNA/metabolism
MH  - Drosophila
MH  - Humans
MH  - Molecular Sequence Data
MH  - Mutation
MH  - Receptors, Cell Surface/*metabolism
MH  - Receptors, Retinoic Acid
MH  - Retinoid X Receptors
MH  - *Transcription Factors
MH  - *Transcriptional Activation
MH  - Tretinoin/*metabolism
MH  - Tumor Cells, Cultured
PMC - PMC309287
EDAT- 1993/03/11 00:00
MHDA- 1993/03/11 00:01
CRDT- 1993/03/11 00:00
PHST- 1993/03/11 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1993/03/11 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1993/03/11 00:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1093/nar/21.5.1231 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Nucleic Acids Res. 1993 Mar 11;21(5):1231-7. doi: 10.1093/nar/21.5.1231.