PMID- 8413882
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19931119
LR  - 20190512
IS  - 0148-396X (Print)
IS  - 0148-396X (Linking)
VI  - 33
IP  - 3
DP  - 1993 Sep
TI  - Modulation of proliferation and antigen expression of a cloned human glioblastoma 
      by interleukin-4 alone and in combination with tumor necrosis factor-alpha and/or 
      interferon-gamma.
PG  - 489-93; discussion 493-4
AB  - As part of continuing studies to investigate the possible regulatory effects of 
      cytokines on malignant astrocytes, we investigated the effects of interleukin-4 
      (IL-4) alone and in combination with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha) 
      and/or interferon-gamma (IFN gamma) on the cell growth and major 
      histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigen expression of a cloned human 
      glioblastoma cell line (9C). The 9C cells were treated with IL-4 alone or in 
      combination with TNF alpha and/or IFN gamma and were examined for proliferation 
      by crystal violet assay and for Class II MHC antigen by flow cytometry. Results 
      indicated that IL-4 alone did not affect 9C proliferation. In combination with 
      TNF alpha or IFN gamma, however, IL-4 significantly and dose-dependently 
      inhibited cell growth. As previous reports have shown, TNF alpha combined with 
      IFN gamma exerted an additive growth suppressive effect on glioblastoma cells, 
      probably by enhancing TNF receptor expression. This additive effect of TNF alpha 
      and IFN gamma was further enhanced by IL-4. In contrast, IL-4 did not modulate 
      expression of Class II MHC antigen on 9C cells, even in combination with IFN 
      gamma, which predictably enhanced this antigen. These results suggest that IL-4 
      is capable of modulating glioblastoma growth only in the presence of other 
      cytokines, such as TNF alpha and/or IFN gamma. Further, the effect of IL-4 on 
      glioblastoma proliferation is selective and independent of the mechanisms 
      involved in regulating MHC antigen expression.
FAU - Iwasaki, K
AU  - Iwasaki K
AD  - Department of Neurology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Ohio.
FAU - Rogers, L R
AU  - Rogers LR
FAU - Estes, M L
AU  - Estes ML
FAU - Barna, B P
AU  - Barna BP
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - Neurosurgery
JT  - Neurosurgery
JID - 7802914
RN  - 0 (Histocompatibility Antigens Class II)
RN  - 0 (Recombinant Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha)
RN  - 207137-56-2 (Interleukin-4)
RN  - 82115-62-6 (Interferon-gamma)
SB  - IM
MH  - Brain Neoplasms/genetics/*pathology
MH  - Cell Division/*drug effects
MH  - Cell Line
MH  - Clone Cells
MH  - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
MH  - Drug Synergism
MH  - Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
MH  - Glioblastoma/genetics/*pathology
MH  - Histocompatibility Antigens Class II/*genetics
MH  - Humans
MH  - Interferon-gamma/*pharmacology
MH  - Interleukin-4/*pharmacology
MH  - Recombinant Proteins/pharmacology
MH  - Tumor Cells, Cultured/*drug effects/immunology/pathology
MH  - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/*pharmacology
EDAT- 1993/09/01 00:00
MHDA- 1993/09/01 00:01
CRDT- 1993/09/01 00:00
PHST- 1993/09/01 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1993/09/01 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1993/09/01 00:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1227/00006123-199309000-00020 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Neurosurgery. 1993 Sep;33(3):489-93; discussion 493-4. doi: 
      10.1227/00006123-199309000-00020.