PMID- 8476631
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19930525
LR  - 20071114
IS  - 1044-1549 (Print)
IS  - 1044-1549 (Linking)
VI  - 8
IP  - 4
DP  - 1993 Apr
TI  - Alveolar macrophage release of tumor necrosis factor during murine Pneumocystis 
      carinii pneumonia.
PG  - 370-6
AB  - Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), a proinflammatory cytokine produced 
      principally by mononuclear cells, is released in response to a variety of 
      pulmonary pathogens. We hypothesized that release of TNF in the lung is a normal 
      part of the host response to intratracheal challenge with Pneumocystis carinii. 
      To test this hypothesis, we measured TNF in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) 
      in normal and CD4-depleted mice at various intervals in acute and chronically 
      infected animals. To assess the cell of origin and the control of TNF release in 
      the lung, we measured mRNA for TNF by a competitive polymerase chain reaction and 
      assessed the capacity of adherence-enriched cells to produce TNF in vitro in 
      response to lipopolysaccharide. Our data demonstrate that TNF peaks at 3 h in 
      both control and CD4-depleted mice after acute challenge with P. carinii and this 
      increase in TNF precedes the influx of inflammatory cells into the lung. TNF 
      levels in BALF return to undetectable levels by day 3. In chronically infected 
      animals, there is a 5-fold increase in mRNA for TNF in adherent cells which is 
      associated with an increased capacity to release TNF in vitro. These data suggest 
      that TNF is a normal host response to P. carinii infection; however, there is no 
      difference in acute TNF release between control animals that clear their 
      infection and CD4-depleted animals that develop chronic infection. TNF is 
      upregulated in chronically infected animals, but CD4 depletion results in the 
      loss of additional host factors essential for resolution of this infection.
FAU - Kolls, J K
AU  - Kolls JK
AD  - Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Louisiana State University 
      Medical Center, New Orleans 70112.
FAU - Beck, J M
AU  - Beck JM
FAU - Nelson, S
AU  - Nelson S
FAU - Summer, W R
AU  - Summer WR
FAU - Shellito, J
AU  - Shellito J
LA  - eng
GR  - AA08845/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - HL29246/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
PL  - United States
TA  - Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol
JT  - American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology
JID - 8917225
RN  - 0 (RNA, Messenger)
RN  - 0 (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid/metabolism
MH  - Cell Count
MH  - Gene Expression
MH  - Macrophages, Alveolar/cytology/*metabolism
MH  - Male
MH  - Mice
MH  - Mice, Inbred BALB C
MH  - Pneumonia, Pneumocystis/*immunology
MH  - RNA, Messenger/genetics
MH  - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/genetics/*metabolism
EDAT- 1993/04/01 00:00
MHDA- 1993/04/01 00:01
CRDT- 1993/04/01 00:00
PHST- 1993/04/01 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1993/04/01 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1993/04/01 00:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1165/ajrcmb/8.4.370 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 1993 Apr;8(4):370-6. doi: 10.1165/ajrcmb/8.4.370.