PMID- 8520479
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19960125
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 0961-8368 (Print)
IS  - 1469-896X (Electronic)
IS  - 0961-8368 (Linking)
VI  - 4
IP  - 8
DP  - 1995 Aug
TI  - Control of aggregation in protein refolding: a variety of surfactants promote 
      renaturation of carbonic anhydrase II.
PG  - 1535-43
AB  - The denaturation and renaturation of carbonic anhydrase II (CAII) has been 
      studied in several laboratories. Both thermodynamic and kinetic evidence support 
      the existence of at least two intermediates between denatured and native protein. 
      Previous studies have shown that on rapid dilution of a CAII solution from 5 M to 
      1 M guanidinium chloride, aggregation strongly competes with renaturation at 
      higher protein concentrations, suggesting an upper limit for [CAII] of 
      approximately 0.1%. Our experiments show 60% renaturation at 0.4% [CAII] and that 
      aggregate formation is partially reversible. This yield can be substantially 
      increased by several surfactant additives, including simple alkanols as well as 
      micelle-forming surfactants. Effective surfactants (promoters) act by suppressing 
      initial aggregate formation, not by dissolving aggregates. Promoters act on 
      either the first folding intermediate (I1) or oligomers thereof. Eight of the 18 
      surfactants examined showed promoter activity, and no correlation was evident 
      between promoter activity and chemical structure or surface tension lowering. 
      These results indicate discrimination (molecular recognition) by I1 and/or its 
      oligomers.
FAU - Wetlaufer, D B
AU  - Wetlaufer DB
AD  - Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark 19716, 
      USA.
FAU - Xie, Y
AU  - Xie Y
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - Protein Sci
JT  - Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society
JID - 9211750
RN  - 0 (Surface-Active Agents)
RN  - EC 4.2.1.1 (Carbonic Anhydrases)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Carbonic Anhydrases/*chemistry
MH  - Cattle
MH  - Protein Denaturation
MH  - *Protein Folding
MH  - Surface-Active Agents/*chemistry
PMC - PMC2143183
EDAT- 1995/08/01 00:00
MHDA- 1995/08/01 00:01
PMCR- 1996/02/01
CRDT- 1995/08/01 00:00
PHST- 1995/08/01 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1995/08/01 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1995/08/01 00:00 [entrez]
PHST- 1996/02/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1002/pro.5560040811 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Protein Sci. 1995 Aug;4(8):1535-43. doi: 10.1002/pro.5560040811.