PMID- 8862050
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19961106
LR  - 20190627
IS  - 0002-9394 (Print)
IS  - 0002-9394 (Linking)
VI  - 122
IP  - 4
DP  - 1996 Oct
TI  - Screening potential corneal donors for HIV-1 by polymerase chain reaction and a 
      colorimetric microwell hybridization assay.
PG  - 526-34
AB  - PURPOSE: Current screening of potential corneal donors for human immunodeficiency 
      virus type 1 (HIV-1) involves serologic detection of antibodies to the virus. 
      However, this approach cannot detect infection during the seronegative window 
      period of the disease. We therefore evaluated the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) 
      assay for viral nucleic acid as a possible alternative to screening cadaveric 
      blood for HIV-1. METHODS: Blood specimens from cadavers diagnosed at autopsy with 
      acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) (n = 21), at high risk for HIV-1 
      infection (n = 47), and at no known risk (n = 350) were screened by PCR for HIV-1 
      proviral DNA and human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DQ alpha sequences, and for HIV 
      antibodies. RESULTS: All AIDS group samples were seropositive; of these, 18 (86%) 
      and 20 (95%) of 21 were positive for HIV by PCR of proteinase K- and 
      Chelex-extracted pellets, respectively. The seropositive samples negative by PCR 
      testing were shown to inhibit PCR amplification. Nine (19%) of 47 high-risk 
      specimens were HIV-positive. The no-known-risk group yielded negative results. 
      The overall sensitivities for PCR in the proteinase K- and Chelex-treated groups 
      were 90% and 97%, respectively, compared with Western blot reactivity. If 
      PCR-inhibitory samples and HLA-DQ alpha-negative samples had been eliminated, 
      sensitivity would have been 100%. Specificity was 100% for each group. 
      CONCLUSIONS: Screening cadaveric blood by PCR may be feasible, but further 
      refinement of the assay and blood specimen collection practices will be necessary 
      for it to become routine. Future studies should focus on optimizing specimen 
      procurement and preparation to reduce or eliminate specimens that inhibit PCR.
FAU - Essary, L R
AU  - Essary LR
AD  - Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of 
      Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
FAU - Kinard, S J
AU  - Kinard SJ
FAU - Butcher, A
AU  - Butcher A
FAU - Wang, H
AU  - Wang H
FAU - Laycock, K A
AU  - Laycock KA
FAU - Donegan, E
AU  - Donegan E
FAU - McCreedy, B
AU  - McCreedy B
FAU - Connell, S
AU  - Connell S
FAU - Batchelor, J
AU  - Batchelor J
FAU - Harris, J
AU  - Harris J
FAU - Spadoro, J
AU  - Spadoro J
FAU - Pepose, J S
AU  - Pepose JS
LA  - eng
GR  - EY 02687/EY/NEI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - EY 08143/EY/NEI NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
PL  - United States
TA  - Am J Ophthalmol
JT  - American journal of ophthalmology
JID - 0370500
RN  - 0 (DNA Primers)
RN  - 0 (DNA, Viral)
RN  - 0 (HIV Antibodies)
RN  - 0 (HLA-DQ Antigens)
RN  - 0 (HLA-DQ alpha-Chains)
RN  - 0 (HLA-DQA1 antigen)
SB  - IM
MH  - AIDS Serodiagnosis
MH  - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/diagnosis
MH  - Blotting, Western
MH  - Colorimetry
MH  - *Cornea
MH  - DNA Primers/chemistry
MH  - DNA, Viral/analysis
MH  - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
MH  - Eye Infections, Viral/*diagnosis
MH  - HIV Antibodies/analysis
MH  - HIV Infections/*diagnosis
MH  - HIV Seropositivity/diagnosis
MH  - *HIV-1/genetics/immunology
MH  - HLA-DQ Antigens/analysis
MH  - HLA-DQ alpha-Chains
MH  - Humans
MH  - Mass Screening
MH  - Nucleic Acid Hybridization/*methods
MH  - Polymerase Chain Reaction/*methods
MH  - Sensitivity and Specificity
MH  - *Tissue Donors
EDAT- 1996/10/01 00:00
MHDA- 1996/10/01 00:01
CRDT- 1996/10/01 00:00
PHST- 1996/10/01 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1996/10/01 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1996/10/01 00:00 [entrez]
AID - S0002-9394(14)72113-0 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/s0002-9394(14)72113-0 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Am J Ophthalmol. 1996 Oct;122(4):526-34. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9394(14)72113-0.