PMID- 8879909
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19970127
LR  - 20190905
IS  - 0010-440X (Print)
IS  - 0010-440X (Linking)
VI  - 37
IP  - 5
DP  - 1996 Sep-Oct
TI  - The relationship of object relations and reality testing deficits to outcome 
      status of methadone maintenance patients.
PG  - 347-54
AB  - Impairments in the ability to form and maintain meaningful interpersonal 
      relationships and in the ability to distinguish between internal and external 
      stimuli are related to an individual's psychological health. The Bell Object 
      Relations and Reality Testing Inventory (BORRTI) scores of 146 methadone patients 
      were used to evaluate whether transitory (TI) or chronic impairments (CIs) in 
      object relations and reality testing were related to more severe drug use, family 
      and social problems, psychological distress, as well as more time in treatment, 
      seeking additional treatments, or taking psychiatric medication. The results 
      showed no significant relationship between BORRTI scores and family or social 
      problems, time in treatment, or the months of heroin use between follow-up 
      evaluations. However, severity of drug use was related to an impairment in a 
      specific dimension of object relations-egocentricity. There was a significant 
      relationship between TIs and CIs in object relations and reality testing with 
      levels of psychological distress and the likelihood of taking psychiatric 
      medication.
FAU - Rutherford, M J
AU  - Rutherford MJ
AD  - University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry Treatment 
      Research Center, Philadelphia, USA.
FAU - McKay, J R
AU  - McKay JR
FAU - Alterman, A I
AU  - Alterman AI
FAU - Cacciola, J S
AU  - Cacciola JS
FAU - Cook, T G
AU  - Cook TG
LA  - eng
GR  - DA05186/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 DA-05858/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
PL  - United States
TA  - Compr Psychiatry
JT  - Comprehensive psychiatry
JID - 0372612
RN  - UC6VBE7V1Z (Methadone)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Methadone/*therapeutic use
MH  - *Object Attachment
MH  - *Reality Testing
MH  - Substance-Related Disorders/*drug therapy
MH  - Treatment Outcome
EDAT- 1996/09/01 00:00
MHDA- 1996/09/01 00:01
CRDT- 1996/09/01 00:00
PHST- 1996/09/01 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1996/09/01 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1996/09/01 00:00 [entrez]
AID - S0010-440X(96)90016-4 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/s0010-440x(96)90016-4 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Compr Psychiatry. 1996 Sep-Oct;37(5):347-54. doi: 10.1016/s0010-440x(96)90016-4.