PMID- 8885182
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19970205
LR  - 20170214
IS  - 0300-9858 (Print)
IS  - 0300-9858 (Linking)
VI  - 33
IP  - 5
DP  - 1996 Sep
TI  - Chronological immunohistochemical detection and localization of porcine 
      reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in gnotobiotic pigs.
PG  - 551-6
AB  - An immunogold-silver immunohistochemical technique was used to determine the 
      chronological distribution and localization of porcine reproductive and 
      respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in experimentally infected gnotobiotic pigs. 
      Thirty-two pigs were randomly allocated to infected (n = 24) or control (n = 8) 
      groups. Pigs in infected groups were inoculated at 3 days of age by nasal 
      instillation of PRRSV isolate ATCC VR-2332 (total dose = 10(2.64) TCID50), and 
      control pigs were exposed in the same manner to uninfected cell culture 
      supernatant. Three infected and one control pigs were euthanatized at 12 hours 
      and at 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 14, and 21 days postexposure (DPE). Bronchiolar epithelial 
      cells, arteriolar endothelial cells, monocytes, and interstitial, alveolar, and 
      intravascular macrophages stained for PRRSV antigen at 12 hours postexposure. 
      Staining for PRRSV antigen in endothelial cells, monocytes, and alveolar, 
      interstitial, and intravascular macrophages was most intense and widespread in 
      lung sections from 14 and 21 DPE. In the heart, macrophages in the interstitial 
      and subendocardial spaces and endothelial cells in a few arterioles stained for 
      PRRSV antigen at 14 and 21 DPE. Tonsillar macrophages and mucosal epithelium 
      stained for PRRSV antigen at 12 hours postexposure and sporadically with less 
      intensity in subsequent sampling periods. In the nasal turbinate, PRRSV antigen 
      was identified in macrophages within the mucosal epithelium at 12 hours 
      postexposure and again at 14 and 21 DPE. There was focal staining for PRRSV 
      antigen in the choroid plexus in one pig at 14 DPE. Based on the results of this 
      experiment, the pathogenesis of PRRSV infection in gnotobiotic pigs can be 
      described as initial virus entry through nasal epithelial, tonsillar, and 
      pulmonary macrophages, with viremia occurring by 12 hours postexposure followed 
      by the development of pneumonia, myocarditis, encephalitis, rhinitis, vasculitis, 
      and lymphoid necrosis. Although PRRSV can infect macrophages in heart, tonsil, 
      turbinate, and choroid plexus, pulmonary macrophages are predominantly and 
      consistently infected and are the predominantly cells for virus replication in 
      gnotobiotic pigs.
FAU - Rossow, K D
AU  - Rossow KD
AD  - Department of Veterinary Diagnostic Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, 
      USA.
FAU - Benfield, D A
AU  - Benfield DA
FAU - Goyal, S M
AU  - Goyal SM
FAU - Nelson, E A
AU  - Nelson EA
FAU - Christopher-Hennings, J
AU  - Christopher-Hennings J
FAU - Collins, J E
AU  - Collins JE
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
PL  - United States
TA  - Vet Pathol
JT  - Veterinary pathology
JID - 0312020
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Immunohistochemistry
MH  - Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome/etiology/*immunology/*pathology
MH  - Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus/*immunology/*pathogenicity
MH  - Swine
MH  - Time Factors
EDAT- 1996/09/01 00:00
MHDA- 1996/09/01 00:01
CRDT- 1996/09/01 00:00
PHST- 1996/09/01 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1996/09/01 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1996/09/01 00:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1177/030098589603300510 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Vet Pathol. 1996 Sep;33(5):551-6. doi: 10.1177/030098589603300510.