PMID- 8959275
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19970328
LR  - 20201209
IS  - 1058-2916 (Print)
IS  - 1058-2916 (Linking)
VI  - 42
IP  - 6
DP  - 1996 Nov-Dec
TI  - Reduction of respiratory system resistance of rabbits with surfactant deficiency 
      using a novel ultra thin walled endotracheal tube.
PG  - 1000-5
AB  - The ultra thin walled, two-stage endotracheal tube (UTW-TS-ETT) is very flexible, 
      nonkinking, and has a widened extralaryngeal portion. The UTW-TS-ETT has a 
      greater ID/OD (internal diameter/outer diameter) ratio than a comparable standard 
      endotracheal tube (ST-ETT) because of its thinner wall: 0.2-0.25 mm in 
      UTW-TS-ETT, compared to 0.55-0.8 mm in ST-ETT. The authors hypothesized that in 
      an animal model of lung disease, significant reductions in respiratory system 
      resistance (Rrs) of 30-40% would be achieved using the UTW-TS-ETT, compared to 
      Rrs achieved with the comparable ST-ETT. This study compared the pulmonary 
      mechanics of rabbits (N = 17, body weight 3.4-4.7 kg) before and after induction 
      of surfactant deficiency, using either ST-ETT (OD 4.9 mm, ID 3.5 mm) or 
      UTW-TS-ETT (OD 5.0 mm, ID 4.6 mm). Animals were sedated, paralyzed, and 
      ventilated by an ETT placed through a tracheotomy incision. Surfactant deficiency 
      was induced by lavaging the lungs with normal saline (10 ml/kg). Pulmonary 
      mechanics were measured on identical ventilator settings for each ETT used at 
      baseline and at 45 min after lavage. Compared to ST-ETT, UTW-TS-ETT reduced Rrs 
      by 50.6 +/- 8.7% in normal lungs (significantly more than 40%; p < 0.01), and by 
      41.47 +/- 16.2% in surfactant deficient lungs (significantly more than 30%; p < 
      0.05). Tidal volume increased with UTW-TS-ETT in all animals but did not achieve 
      statistical significance. The UTW-TS-ETT did not induce significant changes in 
      respiratory system compliance, PaO2, PaCO2, or pH. It is concluded that 
      UTW-TS-ETT significantly reduces Rrs in rabbits with either normal lungs or with 
      surfactant deficient lungs. This novel ETT may be beneficial for ventilated 
      patients with increased Rrs, by effecting a decrease in Rrs and thus reducing the 
      work of breathing and improving ventilation efficiency.
FAU - Makhoul, I R
AU  - Makhoul IR
AD  - Department of Neonatology, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel.
FAU - Kugelman, A
AU  - Kugelman A
FAU - Bui, K C
AU  - Bui KC
FAU - Berkeland, J E
AU  - Berkeland JE
FAU - Saiki, K
AU  - Saiki K
FAU - Lew, C D
AU  - Lew CD
FAU - Garg, M
AU  - Garg M
LA  - eng
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - ASAIO J
JT  - ASAIO journal (American Society for Artificial Internal Organs : 1992)
JID - 9204109
RN  - 0 (Biocompatible Materials)
RN  - 0 (Pulmonary Surfactants)
RN  - 142M471B3J (Carbon Dioxide)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Biocompatible Materials/*standards
MH  - Carbon Dioxide/metabolism
MH  - Intubation, Intratracheal/*standards
MH  - Oxygen Consumption
MH  - Partial Pressure
MH  - Pulmonary Gas Exchange
MH  - Pulmonary Surfactants/*deficiency
MH  - Rabbits
MH  - Respiration/physiology
MH  - Respiratory Distress Syndrome/therapy
MH  - Respiratory Function Tests
EDAT- 1996/11/01 00:00
MHDA- 1996/11/01 00:01
CRDT- 1996/11/01 00:00
PHST- 1996/11/01 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1996/11/01 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1996/11/01 00:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1097/00002480-199642060-00013 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - ASAIO J. 1996 Nov-Dec;42(6):1000-5. doi: 10.1097/00002480-199642060-00013.