PMID- 9008716 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 19970219 LR - 20190702 IS - 0027-5107 (Print) IS - 0027-5107 (Linking) VI - 371 IP - 3-4 DP - 1996 Dec 20 TI - Human cell mutagenicity of oxygenated, nitrated and unsubstituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons associated with urban aerosols. PG - 123-57 AB - Polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAC) are ubiquitous pollutants in urban air that may pose risks to human health. In order to better assess the health risks associated with this class of compounds, a total of 67 PAC that either have been identified (55) or are suspected to be present (12) in urban aerosol samples were tested for mutagenicity in a forward mutation assay based on human B-lymphoblastoid cells. The cell line used (designated h1A1v2) constitutively expresses the cytochrome P4501A1, which is known to be necessary for the metabolism of many promutagens. The PAC tested included 39 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). 19 oxygen-containing PAH (oxy-PAH) and nine NO2-substituted PAH (nitro-PAH). A total of 26 PAH were mutagenic. In comparing the minimum mutagenic concentrations of the mutagenic PAH with that of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) it was found that dibenzo[a,l]pyrene (DB[al]P), cyclopenta[c,d]pyrene (CPP), naphtho[2,1-a]pyrene, dibenzo[a,e]pyrene (B[a]P) and 1-methylbenzo[a]pyrene were 24 +/- 21, 6.9 +/- 4.2, 3.2 + 3.0, 2.9 +/- 2.9 and 1.6+/- 1.4 times, respectively, more mutagenic than B[a]P, and that dibenzo[a,k]fluoranthene and B[a]P were approximately equally mutagenic. The 19 other mutagenic PAH were between approximately 2 and approximately 1800 times less mutagenic than B[a]P. Of the oxy-PAH tested only phenalenone, 7H-benz[d,e]anthracen-7-one, 3-nitro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-6-one, cyclopenta[c,d]pyren-3(4H)-one, 6H-benzo[c,d]pyren-6-one (BPK) and anthanthrenequinone were mutagenic; however, with the exception of BPK, these were over 50 times less active than B[a]P, BPK was approximately 3 times less active than B[a]P. Seven of the nitro-PAH were mutagenic including 9-nitroanthracene, 1-nitropyrene, 2-nitrofluoranthene, 3-nitrofluoranthene, 1,3-dinitropyrene, 1,6-dinitropyrene (1,6-DNP) and 1,8-dinitropyrene. 1,6-DNP was approximately 4 times less active than B[a]P; the six other mutagenic nitro-PAH were between 20 and 380 times less active than B[a]P. These results are discussed in terms of their relevance for determining the most important mutagens in ambient air. Based on reported concentrations of PAC in ambient aerosols, it is possible that CPP, DB[ae]P, DB[al]P and BPK could account for a greater proportion of the mutagenicity than B[a]P in some aerosols. FAU - Durant, J L AU - Durant JL AD - Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA. jdurant@emerald.tufts.edu FAU - Busby, W F Jr AU - Busby WF Jr FAU - Lafleur, A L AU - Lafleur AL FAU - Penman, B W AU - Penman BW FAU - Crespi, C L AU - Crespi CL LA - eng GR - P30 ES002109/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States GR - P01-ES01640/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States GR - P01-ES07168/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States GR - P30-ES02109/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. PL - Netherlands TA - Mutat Res JT - Mutation research JID - 0400763 RN - 0 (Aerosols) RN - 0 (Air Pollutants) RN - 0 (Nitrates) RN - 0 (Polycyclic Compounds) RN - EC 2.7.1.21 (Thymidine Kinase) RN - S88TT14065 (Oxygen) SB - IM MH - *Aerosols MH - Air Pollutants/*toxicity MH - Humans MH - Mutagenicity Tests MH - Nitrates/chemistry MH - Oxygen/chemistry MH - Polycyclic Compounds/chemistry/*toxicity MH - Thymidine Kinase/genetics EDAT- 1996/12/20 00:00 MHDA- 2001/03/28 10:01 CRDT- 1996/12/20 00:00 PHST- 1996/12/20 00:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2001/03/28 10:01 [medline] PHST- 1996/12/20 00:00 [entrez] AID - S0165-1218(96)90103-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/s0165-1218(96)90103-2 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Mutat Res. 1996 Dec 20;371(3-4):123-57. doi: 10.1016/s0165-1218(96)90103-2.