PMID- 9054128 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 19970311 LR - 20200407 IS - 0378-1135 (Print) IS - 1873-2542 (Electronic) IS - 0378-1135 (Linking) VI - 48 IP - 3-4 DP - 1996 Feb TI - Dual infections of feeder pigs with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus followed by porcine respiratory coronavirus or swine influenza virus: a clinical and virological study. PG - 325-35 AB - Dual infections of pigs with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) followed by a second common respiratory virus, either porcine respiratory coronavirus (PRCV) or swine influenza virus (SIV), were studied. The aim was to determine if dual infections, as compared to single virus infections, result in enhanced clinical manifestations. It was also examined if PRRSV replication affects replication of PRCV or SIV in the respiratory tract. Groups of conventional 10 week old pigs were inoculated with PRRSV-only (3 pigs), PRCV-only (4 pigs) or SIV-only (4 pigs). Dual inoculations with PRRSV-PRCV (4 pigs) and PRRSV-SIV (3 groups of 4, 4 and 5 pigs) were performed at a 3 day interval. A group of uninoculated control pigs (8 pigs) was included. The infection with PRRSV-only induced a transient fever (40.2 degrees C) at 2 DPI, but no respiratory signs. The PRCV-only infection remained subclinical. The SIV-only infection resulted in a one day fever (40.1 degrees C) with moderate tachypnoea and dyspnoea. Mean weight gain in the virus-inoculated groups was retarded compared with the control group. The PRRSV-PRCV infection induced a 9 day lasting fever (peak 40.9 degrees C) with tachypnoea, dyspnoea and productive coughing. The PRRSV-SIV infection resulted in fever and respiratory signs in all 3 groups. Clinical signs, however, were more pronounced in group 1 than in groups 2 and 3. Pigs of group 1 showed fever during 10 days (peak 41.4 degrees C), tachypnoea, marked dyspnoea with abdominal breathing, and a productive cough. Pigs of groups 2 and 3 had fever for 5 and 3 days (peaks 40.6 and 40.3 degrees C) respectively and mild respiratory disorders. Mean weight gain during 14 DPI of the 2nd virus was 5.9 kg in the PRRSV-PRCV group and 4.0, 6.8 and 6.7 kg in PRRSV-SIV groups 1, 2 and 3 respectively. Mean weight gain during the corresponding period in the PRRSV-only group was 8.6 kg. It was concluded that dual infections with viruses causes more severe disease and growth retardation than single PRRSV infection. PRCV excretion curves were similar in single and dual virus inoculated groups. Excretion of SIV was delayed by 2 days in the dual inoculated pigs. Thus, replication of the second virus is not (PRCV) or only slightly (SIV) affected by a prior infection with PRRSV. FAU - Van Reeth, K AU - Van Reeth K AD - Laboratory of Veterinary Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Gent, Merelbeke, Belgium. FAU - Nauwynck, H AU - Nauwynck H FAU - Pensaert, M AU - Pensaert M LA - eng PT - Comparative Study PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - Netherlands TA - Vet Microbiol JT - Veterinary microbiology JID - 7705469 SB - IM MH - Animals MH - *Arterivirus MH - Arterivirus Infections/complications/physiopathology/*veterinary MH - Coronavirus Infections/complications/physiopathology/*veterinary MH - Cough MH - Dyspnea MH - Fever MH - *Influenza A virus MH - Orthomyxoviridae Infections/complications/physiopathology/*veterinary MH - Regression Analysis MH - Respiration MH - Respiratory Tract Infections/complications/physiopathology/*veterinary MH - Swine MH - *Swine Diseases MH - Time Factors PMC - PMC7117459 EDAT- 1996/02/01 00:00 MHDA- 1996/02/01 00:01 PMCR- 1999/04/26 CRDT- 1996/02/01 00:00 PHST- 1996/02/01 00:00 [pubmed] PHST- 1996/02/01 00:01 [medline] PHST- 1996/02/01 00:00 [entrez] PHST- 1999/04/26 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 0378-1135(95)00145-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/0378-1135(95)00145-x [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Vet Microbiol. 1996 Feb;48(3-4):325-35. doi: 10.1016/0378-1135(95)00145-x.