PMID- 9155497
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19970603
LR  - 20190719
IS  - 0007-1145 (Print)
IS  - 0007-1145 (Linking)
VI  - 77 Suppl 1
DP  - 1997 Apr
TI  - Effect of meal frequency and timing on physical performance.
PG  - S91-103
AB  - Two areas of sports nutrition in which the periodicity of eating has been studied 
      relate to: (1) the habitually high energy intakes of many athletes, and (2) the 
      optimization of carbohydrate (CHO) availability to enhance performance. The 
      present paper examines how the timing and frequency of food and fluid intake can 
      assist the athlete and physically-active person to improve their exercise 
      performance in these areas. Frequent eating occasions provide a practical 
      strategy allowing athletes to increase energy intake while concomitantly reducing 
      the gastric discomfort of infrequent large meals. The optimization of CHO stores 
      is a special challenge for athletes undertaking prolonged training or competition 
      sessions. This is a cyclical process with post-exercise CHO ingestion promoting 
      muscle and liver glycogen re-synthesis; pre-exercise feedings being practised to 
      optimize substrate availability and feedings during exercise providing a 
      readily-available source of exogenous fuel as endogenous stores become depleted. 
      The timing and frequency of CHO intake at these various stages are crucial 
      determinants for optimizing fuel availability to enhance exercise capacity.
FAU - Hawley, J A
AU  - Hawley JA
AD  - Department of Physiology, University of Cape Town Medical School, South Africa.
FAU - Burke, L M
AU  - Burke LM
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - England
TA  - Br J Nutr
JT  - The British journal of nutrition
JID - 0372547
RN  - 0 (Dietary Carbohydrates)
SB  - IM
MH  - Dietary Carbohydrates/administration & dosage
MH  - Feeding Behavior/*physiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Nutritional Physiological Phenomena/*physiology
MH  - Nutritive Value
MH  - Physical Exertion/*physiology
MH  - *Sports
RF  - 82
EDAT- 1997/04/01 00:00
MHDA- 1997/04/01 00:01
CRDT- 1997/04/01 00:00
PHST- 1997/04/01 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1997/04/01 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1997/04/01 00:00 [entrez]
AID - S0007114597000123 [pii]
AID - 10.1079/bjn19970107 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Br J Nutr. 1997 Apr;77 Suppl 1:S91-103. doi: 10.1079/bjn19970107.