PMID- 9203157
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19970903
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 0885-7490 (Print)
IS  - 0885-7490 (Linking)
VI  - 12
IP  - 2
DP  - 1997 Jun
TI  - Effects of simulated upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage on ammonia and related 
      amino acids in blood and brain of chronic portacaval-shunted rats.
PG  - 121-35
AB  - Gastrointestinal (GI) hemorrhage during compromised liver function is known to 
      precipitate portal-systemic encephalopathy (PSE). Hypothetically, the induced 
      hyperammonemia depletes cerebral glutamate pools. To investigate this hypothesis, 
      rats were studied 14 days after portacaval shunt (PCS) or sham surgery (SHAM). 
      Rats received 3 mL bovine erythrocytes or saline at t = 0, 1, 2, and 3h via a 
      previously placed gastrostomy catheter. At t = 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8h arterial blood 
      and at t = 8h cerebral cortex were sampled for determination of ammonia and amino 
      acids. Control rats (NORM) were sampled without previous surgery. Repeated 
      intragastric blood administration increased the already elevated arterial ammonia 
      levels in PCS rats further. This resulted in higher cerebral cortex ammonia and 
      glutamine levels after blood administration. Despite the accumulation of ammonia 
      and glutamine, cerebral cortex glutamate concentrations remained unaltered. Yet, 
      PCS rats became more encephalopathic after blood gavages, suggesting that there 
      is not a clear-cut relation between cerebral cortex glutamate concentrations and 
      degree of PSE. Interestingly, cerebral cortex concentrations of GABA, tyrosine 
      and phenylalanine were markedly increased. Whether these observations are 
      pathogenetically related to PSE remains to be established. The present model of 
      simulated GI hemorrhage in PCS rats seems to be a suitable, clinically valid 
      model for future research regarding hepatic encephalopathy.
FAU - Olde Damink, S W
AU  - Olde Damink SW
AD  - Department of Surgery, Maastricht University, The Netherlands.
FAU - Dejong, C H
AU  - Dejong CH
FAU - Deutz, N E
AU  - Deutz NE
FAU - Soeters, P B
AU  - Soeters PB
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - Metab Brain Dis
JT  - Metabolic brain disease
JID - 8610370
RN  - 0 (Amino Acids)
RN  - 0 (Blood Proteins)
RN  - 7664-41-7 (Ammonia)
SB  - IM
MH  - Amino Acids/blood/*metabolism
MH  - Ammonia/blood/*metabolism
MH  - Animals
MH  - Blood Proteins/metabolism
MH  - Body Water/metabolism
MH  - Body Weight/physiology
MH  - Brain Chemistry/*physiology
MH  - Cattle
MH  - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
MH  - Eating/physiology
MH  - Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/*metabolism
MH  - Male
MH  - *Portacaval Shunt, Surgical
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Wistar
EDAT- 1997/06/01 00:00
MHDA- 1997/06/01 00:01
CRDT- 1997/06/01 00:00
PHST- 1997/06/01 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1997/06/01 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1997/06/01 00:00 [entrez]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Metab Brain Dis. 1997 Jun;12(2):121-35.