PMID- 9226364
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19970911
LR  - 20191210
IS  - 0031-9384 (Print)
IS  - 0031-9384 (Linking)
VI  - 62
IP  - 1
DP  - 1997 Jul
TI  - Early postnatal treatment with transforming growth factor alpha does not alter 
      nonreproductive behavior.
PG  - 207-11
AB  - Estrogen acting during the critical developmental period has been postulated to 
      defeminize and possibly masculinize male sexual behavior. Transforming growth 
      factor alpha (TGF alpha) also may be involved, because this growth factor, at 
      least partly, mediates the mitotic effects of estrogen on target tissues. Male 
      transgenic mice overexpressing TGF alpha have elevated serum estradiol (E2) 
      levels and they exhibit feminization of many nonreproductive actions, suggesting 
      that either TGF alpha and/or E2, or both, participate in the control of some 
      nonreproductive behavior. Male and female CD-1 mice were treated with 4 microg of 
      recombinant human TGF alpha or 2-4 microg E2 during the first 3 days of life. 
      Although early TGF alpha treatment accelerates physical development and 
      influences the growth of the uterus and mammary gland, it failed to have any 
      effect on behavior, either in male or female mice. Early E2 treatment 
      significantly lengthened immobility time in the swim test and reduced voluntary 
      alcohol intake among the male mice. No changes in locomotor activity or 
      aggressive behavior were noted. The expression of TGF alpha mRNA in the brainstem 
      of adult male mice was not altered following neonatal TGF alpha or E2 treatment. 
      However, neonatal exposure to TGF alpha caused a moderate elevation in TGF alpha 
      mRNA expression in the female brainstem. Our results indicate that in male, but 
      not in female mice, an excess of E2 during early life affects some 
      nonreproductive behavior. Furthermore, early treatment with recombinant human TGF 
      alpha does not alter nonreproductive behavior in mice.
FAU - Hilakivi-Clarke, L
AU  - Hilakivi-Clarke L
AD  - Lombardi Cancer Center and Department of Psychiatry, Georgetown University, 
      Washington, DC 20007, USA.
FAU - Cho, E
AU  - Cho E
FAU - Raygada, M
AU  - Raygada M
LA  - eng
GR  - P50-CA58185/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
PL  - United States
TA  - Physiol Behav
JT  - Physiology & behavior
JID - 0151504
RN  - 0 (Recombinant Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Transforming Growth Factor alpha)
RN  - 4TI98Z838E (Estradiol)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Animals, Newborn
MH  - Behavior, Animal/*drug effects
MH  - Critical Period, Psychological
MH  - Estradiol/pharmacology
MH  - Female
MH  - Male
MH  - Mice
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Recombinant Proteins/pharmacology
MH  - Sex Differentiation/drug effects
MH  - Sexual Behavior, Animal/*drug effects
MH  - Sexual Maturation/drug effects
MH  - Transforming Growth Factor alpha/*pharmacology
EDAT- 1997/07/01 00:00
MHDA- 1997/07/01 00:01
CRDT- 1997/07/01 00:00
PHST- 1997/07/01 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1997/07/01 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1997/07/01 00:00 [entrez]
AID - S0031-9384(97)00160-1 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/s0031-9384(97)00160-1 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Physiol Behav. 1997 Jul;62(1):207-11. doi: 10.1016/s0031-9384(97)00160-1.