PMID- 9291198
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19971023
LR  - 20190725
IS  - 0085-2538 (Print)
IS  - 0085-2538 (Linking)
VI  - 52
IP  - 3
DP  - 1997 Sep
TI  - Hypoalbuminemia causes high blood viscosity by increasing red cell 
      lysophosphatidylcholine.
PG  - 761-70
AB  - Albumin deficiency is accompanied by a reduction in red cell deformability and 
      blood hyperviscosity. Albumin deficiency increases plasma fibrinogen and 
      triglyceride levels and may alter red cell membrane lipid composition. These 
      options, which could all contribute to reduced red cell deformability (RCD) and 
      hyperviscosity, were studied in the Nagase analbuminemic rat (NAR), a mutant 
      Sprague Dawley rat (CON), characterized by normal total protein levels, with an 
      absolute deficiency of albumin, but elevated levels of non-albumin proteins and 
      hyperlipidemia. Plasma protein-binding of the polar phopholipid 
      lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) was markedly decreased. LPC comprised only 26 +/- 
      1% of total plasma phospholipids as compared to 42 +/- 2% in CON. NAR red cells 
      in CON plasma had a viscosity that was similar to CON red cells in CON plasma. 
      Conversely, CON red cells in NAR plasma show an increased viscosity as compared 
      to CON red cells in CON plasma. The maximum deformation index of both NAR and CON 
      red cells was markedly decreased in NAR plasma as compared to either NAR or CON 
      cells in CON plasma (0.04 +/- 0.03 and 0.02 +/- 0.02 vs. 0.22 +/- 0.06 and 0.15 
      +/- 0.04, respectively; P < 0.05). Thus, plasma composition causes hyperviscosity 
      and reduced RCD in NAR. Fibrinogen is not responsible since red cells in serum 
      and red cells in plasma had a similar viscosity and differences in viscosity and 
      RCD between NAR and CON were maintained. Plasma triglycerides are also not 
      responsible since the viscosity of red cells in serum with a 50% reduction in 
      triglycerides was not reduced. LPC levels in red cells were increased in NAR (8.7 
      +/- 0.2 vs. 5.5 +/- 0.3% of total phospholipids; P < 0.01). Adding albumin to NAR 
      blood dose-dependently decreased whole blood viscosity, despite marked increases 
      in plasma viscosity, and increased RCD of NAR cells (from 0.04 +/- 0.03 to 0.21 
      +/- 0.01; P < 0.05). There was also some effect on CON RCD of similar albumin 
      addition to CON blood (from 0.15 +/- 0.04 to 0.29 +/- 0.03; P < 0.05). Adding 
      albumin to NAR blood reduced red cell LPC content and increased plasma LPC 
      content in a dose-dependent fashion, whereas there were only slight effects of 
      adding albumin to CON blood. There was a reciprocal relation between red cell LPC 
      and the other polar phospholipids in the red cell membrane, probably indicating 
      exchange. The maximum deformability index of either NAR or CON cells was not 
      affected much by adding LPC to CON plasma (NAR, from 0.22 +/- 0.06 to 0.18 +/- 
      0.10; CON, from 0.15 +/- 0.04 to 0.12 +/- 0.05; NS), whereas adding LPC to NAR 
      plasma caused the red cells to become rigid. Adding LPC to CON red cells in NAR 
      plasma caused a much stronger increase in relative LPC content (from 6.6 +/- 0.7 
      to 10.9 +/- 0.9%; P < 0.05) than adding LPC to CON red cells in CON plasma (from 
      5.6 +/- 0.4 to 6.4 +/- 0.8%; NS). Thus, in the absence of albumin, LPC in red 
      blood cells is increased. As a consequence of the latter, RCD is decreased and 
      whole blood viscosity increased. Alterations in red cell phospholipids are far 
      more important than increases in plasma fibrinogen or triglycerides in 
      determining hyperviscosity of blood and reduced RCD in NAR.
FAU - Joles, J A
AU  - Joles JA
AD  - Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Utrecht, the Netherlands.
FAU - Willekes-Koolschijn, N
AU  - Willekes-Koolschijn N
FAU - Koomans, H A
AU  - Koomans HA
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - Kidney Int
JT  - Kidney international
JID - 0323470
RN  - 0 (Lipids)
RN  - 0 (Lysophosphatidylcholines)
RN  - 0 (Phospholipids)
RN  - 0 (Serum Albumin)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Blood Viscosity/*physiology
MH  - Erythrocyte Deformability
MH  - Erythrocyte Membrane/metabolism
MH  - Erythrocytes/*metabolism
MH  - Female
MH  - Lipids/blood
MH  - Lysophosphatidylcholines/*metabolism/pharmacology
MH  - Phospholipids/blood
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Mutant Strains
MH  - Rats, Sprague-Dawley
MH  - Serum Albumin/*deficiency
EDAT- 1997/09/18 00:00
MHDA- 1997/09/18 00:01
CRDT- 1997/09/18 00:00
PHST- 1997/09/18 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1997/09/18 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1997/09/18 00:00 [entrez]
AID - S0085-2538(15)60233-2 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/ki.1997.393 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Kidney Int. 1997 Sep;52(3):761-70. doi: 10.1038/ki.1997.393.