PMID- 9353794
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19971222
LR  - 20191024
IS  - 0149-7634 (Print)
IS  - 0149-7634 (Linking)
VI  - 21
IP  - 5
DP  - 1997 Sep
TI  - Tumor necrosis factor-alpha: a neuromodulator in the CNS.
PG  - 603-13
AB  - In the central nervous system (CNS), the cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha 
      (TNF alpha) is produced by both neurons and glial cells, participates in 
      developmental modeling, and is involved in many pathophysiological conditions. 
      There are activity-dependent expressions of TNF alpha as well as low levels of 
      secretion in the resting state. In contrast to the conventional view of a 
      cytotoxic effect of TNF alpha, accumulating evidence suggests a beneficial effect 
      when TNF alpha is applied at optimal doses and at specific periods of time. The 
      bimodal effect is related to subtypes of receptors, activation of different 
      signal transduction pathways, and the presence of other molecules that alter the 
      intracellular response elements such as immediate-early genes. TNF alpha may be 
      an important neuromodulator in development of the CNS, diseases of demyelination 
      and degeneration, and in the process of regeneration. It could induce 
      growth-promoting cytokines and neurotrophins, or it could increase the production 
      of antiproliferative cytokines, nitric oxide, and free radicals, thereby 
      contributing to apoptosis.
FAU - Pan, W
AU  - Pan W
AD  - Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 
      USA. wpan@mailhost.tcs.tulone.edu
FAU - Zadina, J E
AU  - Zadina JE
FAU - Harlan, R E
AU  - Harlan RE
FAU - Weber, J T
AU  - Weber JT
FAU - Banks, W A
AU  - Banks WA
FAU - Kastin, A J
AU  - Kastin AJ
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
PT  - Review
PL  - United States
TA  - Neurosci Biobehav Rev
JT  - Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
JID - 7806090
RN  - 0 (Neurotransmitter Agents)
RN  - 0 (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Central Nervous System/metabolism/*physiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Neurotransmitter Agents/metabolism/*physiology
MH  - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism/*physiology
RF  - 118
EDAT- 1997/11/14 00:00
MHDA- 1997/11/14 00:01
CRDT- 1997/11/14 00:00
PHST- 1997/11/14 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1997/11/14 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1997/11/14 00:00 [entrez]
AID - S0149-7634(96)00047-4 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/s0149-7634(96)00047-4 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 1997 Sep;21(5):603-13. doi: 10.1016/s0149-7634(96)00047-4.