PMID- 9370202
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19971223
LR  - 20190719
IS  - 0361-9230 (Print)
IS  - 0361-9230 (Linking)
VI  - 44
IP  - 4
DP  - 1997
TI  - Sex differences in the vomeronasal system.
PG  - 377-82
AB  - In the early eighties we found sex differences in the vomeronasal organ (VNO) and 
      hypothesized that the vomeronasal system (VNS), a complex neural network involved 
      in the control of reproductive behavior, might be sexually dimorphic. At that 
      time sex differences had already been described for some structures that receive 
      VNO input, such as the medial amygdala, the medial preoptic area, the 
      ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus, and the ventral region of the premammillary 
      nucleus. Since then, we have shown sex differences in the accessory olfactory 
      bulb (AOB), the bed nucleus of the accessory olfactory tract (BAOT), and the bed 
      nucleus of the stria terminalis (BST). When new VNS connections were found, all 
      of them ended in nuclei that present sex differences. In general, sex differences 
      in the olfactory system show two morphological patterns: one in which males 
      present greater morphological measures than females, and just the opposite. To 
      explain the morphometric measures of males in the latter, it has been 
      hypothesized that androgens serve as inhibitors. Our work on the involvement of 
      the GABA(A) receptor in the development of AOB and maternal behavior sex 
      differences also suggests that neonatal changes in neuronal membrane permeability 
      to the ion Cl- differences. This might be the first animal model to help us to 
      understand the situation in which human genetic and gonadal sex do not agree with 
      brain and behavioral sex. Finally, we stress that sex differences in the VNS 
      constitute a neurofunctional model for understanding sex differences in 
      reproductive behaviors.
FAU - Guillamon, A
AU  - Guillamon A
AD  - Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidad Nacional de Educacion a Distancia, 
      Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid, Spain.
FAU - Segovia, S
AU  - Segovia S
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
PL  - United States
TA  - Brain Res Bull
JT  - Brain research bulletin
JID - 7605818
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Models, Biological
MH  - Models, Psychological
MH  - Olfactory Bulb/physiology
MH  - Olfactory Pathways/physiology
MH  - Reproduction/*physiology
MH  - Sex Characteristics
MH  - Sexual Behavior
MH  - Sexual Behavior, Animal
MH  - Vomeronasal Organ/*physiology
RF  - 96
EDAT- 1997/01/01 00:00
MHDA- 1997/11/25 00:01
CRDT- 1997/01/01 00:00
PHST- 1997/01/01 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1997/11/25 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1997/01/01 00:00 [entrez]
AID - S0361-9230(97)00217-7 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/s0361-9230(97)00217-7 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Brain Res Bull. 1997;44(4):377-82. doi: 10.1016/s0361-9230(97)00217-7.