PMID- 9371575
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19971224
LR  - 20200724
IS  - 0022-538X (Print)
IS  - 1098-5514 (Electronic)
IS  - 0022-538X (Linking)
VI  - 71
IP  - 12
DP  - 1997 Dec
TI  - Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus replicates in testicular germ 
      cells, alters spermatogenesis, and induces germ cell death by apoptosis.
PG  - 9170-9
AB  - Like other arteriviruses, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus 
      (PRRSV) is shed in semen, a feature that is critical for the venereal 
      transmission of this group of viruses. In spite of its epidemiological 
      importance, little is known of the association of PRRSV or other arteriviruses 
      with gonadal tissues. We experimentally infected a group of boars with PRRSV 
      12068-96, a virulent field strain. By combined use of in situ hybridization and 
      immunohistochemistry, we detected infection by PRRSV in the testes of these 
      boars. The PRRSV testicular replication in testis centers on two types of cells: 
      (i) epithelial germ cells of the seminiferous tubules, primarily spermatids and 
      spermatocytes, and (ii) macrophages, which are located in the interstitium of the 
      testis. Histopathologically, hypospermatogenesis, formation of multinucleated 
      giant cells (MGCs), and abundant germ cell depletion and death were observed. We 
      obtained evidence that such germ cell death occurs by apoptosis, as determined by 
      a characteristic histologic pattern and evidence of massive DNA fragmentation 
      detected in situ (TUNEL [terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated 
      digoxigenin-UTP nick end labeling] assay). Simultaneously with these testicular 
      alterations, we observed that there is a significant increase in the number of 
      immature sperm cells (mainly MGCs, spermatids, and spermatocytes) in the 
      ejaculates of the PRRSV-inoculated boars and that these cells are infected with 
      PRRSV. Our results indicate that PRRSV may infect target cells other than 
      macrophages, that these infected cells can be primarily responsible for the 
      excretion of infectious PRRSV in semen, and that PRRSV induces apoptosis in these 
      germ cells in vivo.
FAU - Sur, J H
AU  - Sur JH
AD  - Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 
      68583-0905, USA.
FAU - Doster, A R
AU  - Doster AR
FAU - Christian, J S
AU  - Christian JS
FAU - Galeota, J A
AU  - Galeota JA
FAU - Wills, R W
AU  - Wills RW
FAU - Zimmerman, J J
AU  - Zimmerman JJ
FAU - Osorio, F A
AU  - Osorio FA
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
PL  - United States
TA  - J Virol
JT  - Journal of virology
JID - 0113724
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - *Apoptosis
MH  - Cell Line
MH  - Male
MH  - Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus/isolation & 
      purification/*physiology
MH  - Semen/cytology/virology
MH  - Spermatogenesis
MH  - Spermatozoa/*virology
MH  - Swine
MH  - Virus Replication
PMC - PMC230219
EDAT- 1997/11/26 00:00
MHDA- 1997/11/26 00:01
PMCR- 1997/12/01
CRDT- 1997/11/26 00:00
PHST- 1997/11/26 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1997/11/26 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1997/11/26 00:00 [entrez]
PHST- 1997/12/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1128/JVI.71.12.9170-9179.1997 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Virol. 1997 Dec;71(12):9170-9. doi: 10.1128/JVI.71.12.9170-9179.1997.