PMID- 9371596
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19971224
LR  - 20200724
IS  - 0022-538X (Print)
IS  - 1098-5514 (Electronic)
IS  - 0022-538X (Linking)
VI  - 71
IP  - 12
DP  - 1997 Dec
TI  - Differential regulation of the pre-C and pregenomic promoters of human hepatitis 
      B virus by members of the nuclear receptor superfamily.
PG  - 9366-74
AB  - Synthesis of the pre-C and pregenomic RNAs of human hepatitis B virus (HBV) is 
      directed by two overlapping yet separate promoters (X. Yu and J. E. Mertz, J. 
      Virol. 70:8719-8726, 1996). Previously, we reported the identification of a 
      binding site for the nuclear receptor hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 (HNF4) spanning 
      the TATA box-like sequence of the pre-C promoter. This HNF4-binding site consists 
      of an imperfect direct repeat of the consensus half-site sequence 5'-AGGTCA-3' 
      separated by one nucleotide; i.e., it is a DR1 hormone response element (HRE). We 
      show here that other receptors, including chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter 
      transcription factor 1 (COUP-TF1), human testicular receptor 2 (TR2), and 
      peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) as heterodimers with retinoid 
      X receptors (RXRs), can also specifically bind this DR1 HRE. Synthesis of the 
      pre-C and pregenomic RNAs was affected both in transfected hepatoma cells and in 
      a cell-free transcription system by the binding of factors to this DR1 HRE. 
      Interestingly, whereas some members of the hormone receptor superfamily 
      differentially repressed synthesis of the pre-C RNA (e.g., HNF4 and TR2) or 
      activated synthesis of the pregenomic RNA (e.g., PPARgamma-RXRalpha), other 
      members (e.g., COUP-TF1) coordinately repressed synthesis of both the pre-C and 
      pregenomic RNAs. Thus, HBV likely regulates its expression and replication in 
      part via this DR1 HRE. These findings indicate that appropriate ligands to 
      nuclear receptors may be useful in the treatment of HBV infection.
FAU - Yu, X
AU  - Yu X
AD  - McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin Medical School, 
      Madison 53706-1599, USA.
FAU - Mertz, J E
AU  - Mertz JE
LA  - eng
GR  - CA07175/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - CA22443/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
PL  - United States
TA  - J Virol
JT  - Journal of virology
JID - 0113724
RN  - 0 (Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors)
RN  - 0 (COUP Transcription Factor I)
RN  - 0 (DNA-Binding Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Hepatitis B Core Antigens)
RN  - 0 (Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4)
RN  - 0 (MLX protein, human)
RN  - 0 (NR2C1 protein, human)
RN  - 0 (NR2F1 protein, human)
RN  - 0 (Nuclear Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 2, Group C, Member 1)
RN  - 0 (Phosphoproteins)
RN  - 0 (Protein Precursors)
RN  - 0 (RNA Precursors)
RN  - 0 (RNA, Viral)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, Retinoic Acid)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, Thyroid Hormone)
RN  - 0 (Repressor Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Retinoid X Receptors)
RN  - 0 (Transcription Factors)
SB  - IM
MH  - Base Sequence
MH  - Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors
MH  - COUP Transcription Factor I
MH  - Cell-Free System
MH  - DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism/pharmacology
MH  - *Gene Expression Regulation, Viral
MH  - Genome, Viral
MH  - Hepatitis B Core Antigens/*biosynthesis/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Hepatitis B virus/*genetics
MH  - Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4
MH  - Humans
MH  - Molecular Sequence Data
MH  - Nuclear Proteins/*metabolism/pharmacology
MH  - Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 2, Group C, Member 1
MH  - Phosphoproteins/metabolism/pharmacology
MH  - Promoter Regions, Genetic
MH  - Protein Precursors/biosynthesis/genetics/metabolism
MH  - RNA Precursors/biosynthesis
MH  - RNA, Viral/biosynthesis
MH  - Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/*metabolism
MH  - Receptors, Retinoic Acid/metabolism
MH  - Receptors, Thyroid Hormone/metabolism
MH  - Repressor Proteins/*metabolism/pharmacology
MH  - Retinoid X Receptors
MH  - Transcription Factors/metabolism/pharmacology
MH  - Transcription, Genetic
MH  - Tumor Cells, Cultured
PMC - PMC230240
EDAT- 1997/11/26 00:00
MHDA- 1997/11/26 00:01
PMCR- 1997/12/01
CRDT- 1997/11/26 00:00
PHST- 1997/11/26 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1997/11/26 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1997/11/26 00:00 [entrez]
PHST- 1997/12/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1128/JVI.71.12.9366-9374.1997 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Virol. 1997 Dec;71(12):9366-74. doi: 10.1128/JVI.71.12.9366-9374.1997.