PMID- 9512762
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19980505
LR  - 20051116
IS  - 0964-198X (Print)
IS  - 0964-198X (Linking)
VI  - 16
IP  - 3
DP  - 1997 Aug
TI  - Neurological syndromes of organophosphorus compounds.
PG  - 133-70
AB  - In addition to the acute cholinergic poisoning, organophosphorus (OP) compounds 
      are capable of producing several subacute, delayed and chronic neurological, 
      neurobehavioural and psychiatric syndromes. These include the intermediate 
      syndrome, the organophosphate induced delayed neuropathy (OPIDN) and a number of 
      chronic neurological and psychiatric manifestations lumped in this review under 
      the term chronic organophosphate induced neuropsychiatric disorder (COPIND). A 
      critical review of the concept of the neuropathy target esterase (NTE) inhibition 
      and ageing as a marker of OPIDN and the related hen test is presented. It is 
      concluded that the use of the hen test as an exclusive screening test for 
      neurotoxicity of organophosphorus compounds is flawed. A number of recent studies 
      are presented to demonstrate the unreliability of the test and flaws of 
      scientific concepts underlying the hen test which is used to identify OPs as safe 
      and "non-neurotoxic". The components of this new COPIND syndrome are described 
      and the evidence for its existence is reviewed. Studies are in progress to 
      further determine the profile of this syndrome and to define the overlap between 
      its various components. The review also attempts to determine the clinical 
      features so far described of these components and the investigations or markers 
      used to identify and characterize COPIND and the behaviour of these markers. 
      Evidence for chronic neurological/psychiatric effects of OP compounds have come 
      from case studies, clusters of neurological diseases or from epidemiological 
      investigations. New concepts in neurotoxicology are being produced from recent 
      studies which may necessitate a new radical approach to the assessment of 
      neurotoxicity of pesticides before releasing them for widespread use.
FAU - Jamal, G A
AU  - Jamal GA
AD  - University Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Southern 
      General Hospital NHS Trust, Glasgow.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - England
TA  - Adverse Drug React Toxicol Rev
JT  - Adverse drug reactions and toxicological reviews
JID - 9109474
RN  - 0 (Cholinesterase Inhibitors)
RN  - 0 (Insecticides)
RN  - 0 (Organophosphorus Compounds)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Central Nervous System Diseases/*chemically induced/psychology
MH  - Cholinesterase Inhibitors/*adverse effects
MH  - Electroencephalography
MH  - Humans
MH  - Insecticides/*adverse effects/poisoning
MH  - *Organophosphorus Compounds
MH  - Peripheral Nervous System Diseases/*chemically induced/pathology
MH  - Syndrome
RF  - 163
EDAT- 1997/08/01 00:00
MHDA- 1998/03/26 00:01
CRDT- 1997/08/01 00:00
PHST- 1997/08/01 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1998/03/26 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1997/08/01 00:00 [entrez]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Adverse Drug React Toxicol Rev. 1997 Aug;16(3):133-70.