PMID- 9557853
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19980615
LR  - 20190512
IS  - 0268-1161 (Print)
IS  - 0268-1161 (Linking)
VI  - 13
IP  - 2
DP  - 1998 Feb
TI  - Induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in human secretory 
      endometrium.
PG  - 436-44
AB  - The endometrial secretory phase is characterized by stromal oedema, a 
      premenstrual increase in stromal macrophages and an increased cytokine production 
      as menstruation approaches. Nitric oxide (NO) is a mediator of vasodilatation and 
      cytotoxicity which is synthesized from L-arginine by NO synthases (NOS). These 
      enzymes are either constitutively expressed or induced by lipopolysaccharides 
      and/or cytokines. The presence and function of the inducible isoform of NOS 
      (iNOS) in normal human endometrium has not been fully elucidated until recently. 
      Frozen tissue sections taken from 22 women who underwent hysterectomy and 
      adnexectomy for benign disease were immunostained with antibodies raised against 
      the different NOS isoforms to investigate the presence of NOS in human 
      endometrium. iNOS stained positive in the glandular epithelial cells of the 
      secretory endometrium. Staining was either weak or absent in the proliferative 
      and inactive endometrium, as well as in the oviduct and the glandular epithelium 
      of the endocervix. The stroma remained uniformly negative. Immunoreactivity for 
      endothelial constitutive NOS (eNOS) was confined exclusively to endothelial 
      cells. Furthermore, epithelial cells from endometrium, oviduct and endocervix and 
      all endothelial cells showed positive staining for reduced nicotinamide adenine 
      dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)-diaphorase, which is a histochemical marker for 
      NOS activity. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was 
      performed in order to assess the presence of NOS mRNA. Abundant expression of 
      iNOS mRNA was detected in the secretory phase endometrium only. The strong 
      expression of inducible NO synthase in human secretory phase endometrium suggests 
      that the increased production of NO, probably induced by cytokines, may be 
      relevant to the process of menstruation.
FAU - Tschugguel, W
AU  - Tschugguel W
AD  - Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University of Vienna, School of 
      Medicine, Austria.
FAU - Schneeberger, C
AU  - Schneeberger C
FAU - Unfried, G
AU  - Unfried G
FAU - Czerwenka, K
AU  - Czerwenka K
FAU - Weninger, W
AU  - Weninger W
FAU - Mildner, M
AU  - Mildner M
FAU - Bishop, J R
AU  - Bishop JR
FAU - Huber, J C
AU  - Huber JC
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - England
TA  - Hum Reprod
JT  - Human reproduction (Oxford, England)
JID - 8701199
RN  - 0 (DNA Primers)
RN  - 0 (RNA, Messenger)
RN  - EC 1.14.13.39 (NOS2 protein, human)
RN  - EC 1.14.13.39 (NOS3 protein, human)
RN  - EC 1.14.13.39 (Nitric Oxide Synthase)
RN  - EC 1.14.13.39 (Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II)
RN  - EC 1.14.13.39 (Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III)
SB  - IM
EIN - Hum Reprod 1998 May;13(5):1414
MH  - Base Sequence
MH  - DNA Primers/genetics
MH  - Endometrium/anatomy & histology/*enzymology/metabolism
MH  - Enzyme Induction
MH  - Epithelium/enzymology
MH  - Female
MH  - Follicular Phase/metabolism
MH  - Gene Expression
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immunohistochemistry
MH  - In Vitro Techniques
MH  - Luteal Phase/metabolism
MH  - Menstruation/metabolism
MH  - Nitric Oxide Synthase/*biosynthesis/*genetics
MH  - Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II
MH  - Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III
MH  - Polymerase Chain Reaction
MH  - RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism
EDAT- 1998/04/29 00:00
MHDA- 1998/04/29 00:01
CRDT- 1998/04/29 00:00
PHST- 1998/04/29 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1998/04/29 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1998/04/29 00:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1093/humrep/13.2.436 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Hum Reprod. 1998 Feb;13(2):436-44. doi: 10.1093/humrep/13.2.436.