PMID- 9617539
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19980716
LR  - 20220309
IS  - 0271-3683 (Print)
IS  - 0271-3683 (Linking)
VI  - 17
IP  - 5
DP  - 1998 May
TI  - Expression of nuclear retinoic acid receptor and retinoid X receptor mRNA in the 
      cornea and conjunctiva.
PG  - 462-9
AB  - PURPOSE: The effects of retinoic acid in cells are mediated by the nuclear 
      retinoic acid receptors (RARs) and retinoid X receptors (RXRs). Although vitamin 
      A is essential for the normal development and maintenance of the ocular surface, 
      the RARs and RXRs have not been studied in cornea and conjunctiva. The purpose of 
      this study was to identify the mRNA for these receptors in corneal and 
      conjunctival cells in culture and to determine whether all-trans retinoic acid is 
      able to induce expression of RAR mRNA. METHODS: Total RNA was extracted from 
      cultured rabbit corneal stroma and conjunctival fibroblasts and rabbit corneal 
      epithelial cells. RNA was analyzed by Northern blotting using the cDNA probes for 
      RAR alpha, RAR beta, RAR gamma, RXR alpha, RXR beta and RXR gamma mRNA. To 
      investigate induction of retinoid receptors, cells were exposed to 10(-6) M 
      all-trans retinoic acid for 2-48 h before preparation of RNA. Effects of retinoic 
      acid on cell proliferation were also investigated. RESULTS: RAR alpha mRNA 
      transcripts (3.7 kb), RAR beta mRNA transcripts (3.3 kb) and RAR gamma mRNA 
      transcripts (3.3 kb) are expressed by all the cell types studied, as are the RXR 
      alpha mRNA transcripts (5.0 kb) and RXR beta mRNA transcripts (3.3 kb). RXR gamma 
      mRNA is not detectable in corneal and conjunctival cells. All-trans retinoic acid 
      induced RAR beta mRNA expression in corneal and conjunctival fibroblasts. 
      Increased mRNA levels were detectable after 4-8 h and peaked by 24 h. RAR beta 
      mRNA was not induced by retinoic acid in corneal epithelial cells. Retinoic acid 
      also inhibited proliferation of conjunctival and corneal fibroblasts but had no 
      effect on growth of corneal epithelial cells. CONCLUSIONS: The expression of RARs 
      and RXRs in the cornea and conjunctiva is similar to that reported in other 
      tissues. The identification of these receptors may lead to a better understanding 
      of gene transcription pathways in the cornea and conjunctiva and of the 
      mechanisms that control keratinization, differentiation and proliferation of the 
      cells of these tissues. The data suggest a relationship between the induction of 
      RAR beta mRNA expression and inhibition of cell proliferation by retinoic acid.
FAU - Bossenbroek, N M
AU  - Bossenbroek NM
AD  - Biology Department, Calvin College, Grand Rapids, MI 49546, USA.
FAU - Sulahian, T H
AU  - Sulahian TH
FAU - Ubels, J L
AU  - Ubels JL
LA  - eng
GR  - EY05640/EY/NEI NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
PL  - England
TA  - Curr Eye Res
JT  - Current eye research
JID - 8104312
RN  - 0 (DNA Probes)
RN  - 0 (Nuclear Proteins)
RN  - 0 (RNA, Messenger)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, Retinoic Acid)
RN  - 0 (Retinoid X Receptors)
RN  - 0 (Transcription Factors)
RN  - 5688UTC01R (Tretinoin)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Blotting, Northern
MH  - Cell Division/drug effects
MH  - Cells, Cultured
MH  - Conjunctiva/cytology/drug effects/*metabolism
MH  - Cornea/cytology/drug effects/*metabolism
MH  - DNA Probes/chemistry
MH  - Epithelial Cells/metabolism
MH  - Fibroblasts/metabolism
MH  - Nuclear Proteins/genetics/*metabolism
MH  - RNA, Messenger/*metabolism
MH  - Rabbits
MH  - Receptors, Retinoic Acid/genetics/*metabolism
MH  - Retinoid X Receptors
MH  - Transcription Factors/genetics/*metabolism
MH  - Tretinoin/pharmacology
EDAT- 1998/06/09 00:00
MHDA- 1998/06/09 00:01
CRDT- 1998/06/09 00:00
PHST- 1998/06/09 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1998/06/09 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1998/06/09 00:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1076/ceyr.17.5.462.5189 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Curr Eye Res. 1998 May;17(5):462-9. doi: 10.1076/ceyr.17.5.462.5189.