PMID- 9662058
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19980911
LR  - 20190816
IS  - 0012-186X (Print)
IS  - 0012-186X (Linking)
VI  - 41
IP  - 6
DP  - 1998 Jun
TI  - Cellular immune responses to beta casein: elevated in but not specific for 
      individuals with Type I diabetes mellitus.
PG  - 731-5
AB  - Elevated cellular immune responses against the cows' milk protein beta casein 
      have been reported in individuals with Type I diabetes mellitus, a finding 
      supportive of the concept that cows' milk consumption may be causative for the 
      disease. We analysed cellular immune reactivities against beta casein in 
      newly-diagnosed Type I diabetic patients, their immediate autoantibody negative 
      relatives, and unrelated healthy individuals in order to further elucidate the 
      role of anti-beta casein immunity in the pathogenesis of Type I diabetes 
      mellitus. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were stimulated in vitro with 
      various concentrations of three different beta casein preparations, control 
      antigens (tetanus toxoid, mumps extract) and a mitogen (phytohemagglutinin). The 
      frequency and/or mean simulation index of cellular proliferation against two of 
      the beta casein preparations at high antigen concentrations (i.e. 10 or 50 
      microg/ml) were significantly higher in newly-diagnosed Type I diabetic subjects 
      compared with autoantibody negative healthy control subjects. However, 
      reactivities against beta casein in the Type I diabetic probands and their 
      autoantibody negative relatives, individuals with a very low-rate of disease 
      development, were almost identical. Cellular immune reactivities to other 
      antigens were similar between the subject groups. In addition to indicating the 
      need for appropriately matched subject populations (e.g. human leukocyte antigen 
      (HLA) matched relatives) when analysing cellular immune responses, these findings 
      support our previous contention that individuals genetically prone to 
      autoimmunity may be deficient in forming tolerance to dietary antigens. However, 
      the significance of anti-beta casein immunity as a specific causative factor in 
      the pathogenesis of Type I diabetes mellitus remains unclear.
FAU - Ellis, T M
AU  - Ellis TM
AD  - Department of Pathology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville 
      32610, USA.
FAU - Ottendorfer, E
AU  - Ottendorfer E
FAU - Jodoin, E
AU  - Jodoin E
FAU - Salisbury, P J
AU  - Salisbury PJ
FAU - She, J X
AU  - She JX
FAU - Schatz, D A
AU  - Schatz DA
FAU - Atkinson, M A
AU  - Atkinson MA
LA  - eng
GR  - AI/DK39250/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States
GR  - AI42288/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States
GR  - DK45342/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
PL  - Germany
TA  - Diabetologia
JT  - Diabetologia
JID - 0006777
RN  - 0 (Antigens)
RN  - 0 (Autoantibodies)
RN  - 0 (Caseins)
RN  - 0 (HLA Antigens)
RN  - 0 (Phytohemagglutinins)
RN  - 0 (Tetanus Toxoid)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Age Factors
MH  - Analysis of Variance
MH  - Antibody Formation/*immunology
MH  - Antigens/immunology/pharmacology
MH  - Autoantibodies/blood
MH  - Caseins/administration & dosage/*immunology/pharmacology
MH  - Cell Division/drug effects/immunology
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/etiology/genetics/immunology
MH  - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
MH  - Female
MH  - HLA Antigens/genetics/immunology
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Immunity, Cellular
MH  - Leukocytes, Mononuclear/cytology/drug effects/immunology
MH  - Male
MH  - Phytohemagglutinins/immunology/pharmacology
MH  - Sex Factors
MH  - Tetanus Toxoid/immunology/pharmacology
EDAT- 1998/07/14 00:00
MHDA- 1998/07/14 00:01
CRDT- 1998/07/14 00:00
PHST- 1998/07/14 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1998/07/14 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1998/07/14 00:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1007/s001250050976 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Diabetologia. 1998 Jun;41(6):731-5. doi: 10.1007/s001250050976.