PMID- 9673269
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19980820
LR  - 20200724
IS  - 0019-9567 (Print)
IS  - 1098-5522 (Electronic)
IS  - 0019-9567 (Linking)
VI  - 66
IP  - 8
DP  - 1998 Aug
TI  - Interleukin-9 enhances resistance to the intestinal nematode Trichuris muris.
PG  - 3832-40
AB  - Upon infection with the cecum-dwelling nematode Trichuris muris, the majority of 
      inbred strains of mice launch a Th2-type immune response and in doing so expel 
      the parasite before patency. In contrast, there are a few mouse strains which 
      develop a nonprotective Th1-type response resulting in a chronic infection and 
      the presence of adult worms. Of the Th2 cytokines known to be associated with the 
      resistant phenotype (interleukin-4 [IL-4], IL-5, IL-9, and IL-13), comparatively 
      little is known about the contribution that IL-9 makes towards the protective 
      immune response. In this study we demonstrate that IL-9 is expressed early during 
      the Th2-type response and that its elevation in vivo results in the enhancement 
      of intestinal mastocytosis and the production of both the immunoglobulin E (IgE) 
      and IgG1 isotypes. In addition, elevated IL-9 levels in vivo facilitated the loss 
      of T. muris from the intestine. That IL-9 is important in promoting worm 
      expulsion was also seen following infection of IL-9-transgenic mice, which 
      constitutively overexpress the cytokine. These animals displayed an extremely 
      rapid, but immune mediated, expulsion of the parasite. Also evident in these 
      animals was a pronounced intestinal mastocytosis, which was previously shown by 
      us to be responsible for the expulsion of the related nematode Trichinella 
      spiralis from these animals. Taken together with observations of IL-9 production 
      following infection with other helminths, the results imply that IL-9 contributes 
      to the general mast cell and IgE response characteristic of these infections and, 
      more specifically, enhances resistance to T. muris.
FAU - Faulkner, H
AU  - Faulkner H
AD  - School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, 
      United Kingdom. H.Faulkner@biosci.salfcrd.ac.uk
FAU - Renauld, J C
AU  - Renauld JC
FAU - Van Snick, J
AU  - Van Snick J
FAU - Grencis, R K
AU  - Grencis RK
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - Infect Immun
JT  - Infection and immunity
JID - 0246127
RN  - 0 (Interleukin-9)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Cell Line
MH  - Female
MH  - Gene Expression
MH  - Immunity, Innate/immunology
MH  - Interleukin-9/genetics/*immunology
MH  - Mice
MH  - Mice, Inbred BALB C
MH  - Mice, Inbred C57BL
MH  - Mice, Transgenic
MH  - Th2 Cells/immunology
MH  - Trichuriasis/*immunology/metabolism
MH  - Trichuris/*immunology
PMC - PMC108429
EDAT- 1998/07/23 00:00
MHDA- 1998/07/23 00:01
PMCR- 1998/08/01
CRDT- 1998/07/23 00:00
PHST- 1998/07/23 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1998/07/23 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1998/07/23 00:00 [entrez]
PHST- 1998/08/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 0074 [pii]
AID - 10.1128/IAI.66.8.3832-3840.1998 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Infect Immun. 1998 Aug;66(8):3832-40. doi: 10.1128/IAI.66.8.3832-3840.1998.