PMID- 9684969
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19980930
LR  - 20170214
IS  - 0300-9858 (Print)
IS  - 0300-9858 (Linking)
VI  - 35
IP  - 4
DP  - 1998 Jul
TI  - Identification of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in semen 
      and tissues from vasectomized and nonvasectomized boars.
PG  - 260-7
AB  - Previous studies have indicated that porcine reproductive and respiratory 
      syndrome virus (PRRSV) can be identified in and transmitted through boar semen. 
      However, the site(s) of replication indicating the origin of PRRSV in semen has 
      not been identified. To determine how PRRSV enters boar semen, five vasectomized 
      and two nonvasectomized PRRSV-seronegative boars were intranasally inoculated 
      with PRRSV isolate VR-2332. Semen was collected three times weekly from each boar 
      and separated into cellular and cell-free (seminal plasma) fractions. Both 
      fractions were evaluated by reverse transcriptase nested polymerase chain 
      reaction (RT-nPCR) for the presence of PRRSV RNA. Viremia and serostatus were 
      evaluated once weekly, and boars were euthanatized 21 days postinoculation (DPI). 
      Tissues were collected and evaluated by RT-nPCR, virus isolation (VI), and 
      immunohistochemistry to identify PRRSV RNA, infectious virus, or viral antigen, 
      respectively. PRRSV RNA was identified in semen from all vasectomized and 
      nonvasectomized boars and was most consistently found in the cell fraction, 
      within cells identified with a macrophage marker. Viral replication as determined 
      by VI was predominately found within lymphoid tissue. However, PRRSV RNA was 
      widely disseminated throughout many tissues, including the reproductive tract at 
      21 DPI. These results indicate that PRRSV can enter semen independent of 
      testicular or epididymal tissues, and the source of PRRSV in semen is 
      virus-infected monocytes/macrophages or non-cell-associated virus in serum. 
      PRRSV-infected macrophages in semen may result from infection of local tissue 
      macrophages or may originate from PRRSV-infected circulating monocytes or 
      macrophages.
FAU - Christopher-Hennings, J
AU  - Christopher-Hennings J
AD  - Animal Disease Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, South Dakota State University, 
      Brookings 57007-1396, USA.
FAU - Nelson, E A
AU  - Nelson EA
FAU - Nelson, J K
AU  - Nelson JK
FAU - Rossow, K D
AU  - Rossow KD
FAU - Shivers, J L
AU  - Shivers JL
FAU - Yaeger, M J
AU  - Yaeger MJ
FAU - Chase, C C
AU  - Chase CC
FAU - Garduno, R A
AU  - Garduno RA
FAU - Collins, J E
AU  - Collins JE
FAU - Benfield, D A
AU  - Benfield DA
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
PL  - United States
TA  - Vet Pathol
JT  - Veterinary pathology
JID - 0312020
RN  - 0 (Antigens, Viral)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Antigens, Viral/analysis
MH  - Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct/veterinary
MH  - Genitalia, Male/virology
MH  - Immunoenzyme Techniques/veterinary
MH  - Lymphoid Tissue/virology
MH  - Male
MH  - Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary
MH  - Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome/pathology/transmission/*virology
MH  - Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus/*isolation & 
      purification/pathogenicity
MH  - Semen/cytology/*virology
MH  - Swine
MH  - Vasectomy/*veterinary
MH  - Viremia
EDAT- 1998/07/31 00:00
MHDA- 1998/07/31 00:01
CRDT- 1998/07/31 00:00
PHST- 1998/07/31 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1998/07/31 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1998/07/31 00:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1177/030098589803500404 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Vet Pathol. 1998 Jul;35(4):260-7. doi: 10.1177/030098589803500404.