PMID- 9703476
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19981022
LR  - 20181113
IS  - 0091-6765 (Print)
IS  - 0091-6765 (Linking)
VI  - 106 Suppl 4
IP  - Suppl 4
DP  - 1998 Aug
TI  - Biomarkers of leukemia risk: benzene as a model.
PG  - 937-46
AB  - Although relatively rare, leukemias place a considerable financial burden on 
      society and cause psychologic trauma to many families. Leukemia is the most 
      common cancer in children. The causes of leukemia in adults and children are 
      largely unknown, but occupational and environmental factors are strongly 
      suspected. Genetic predisposition may also play a major role. Our aim is to use 
      molecular epidemiology and toxicology to find the cause of leukemia and develop 
      biomarkers of leukemia risk. We have studied benzene as a model chemical 
      leukemogen, and we have identified risk factors for susceptibility to benzene 
      toxicity. Numerous studies have associated exposure to benzene with increased 
      levels of chromosome aberrations in circulating lymphocytes of exposed workers. 
      Increased levels of chromosome aberrations have, in turn, been correlated with a 
      heightened risk of cancer, especially for hematologic malignancy, in two recent 
      cohort studies in Europe. Conventional chromosome analysis is laborious, however, 
      and requires highly trained personnel. Further, it lacks statistical power, as 
      only a small number of cells can be examined. The recently developed fluorescence 
      in situ hybridization (FISH) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based 
      technologies have allowed the detection of specific chromosome aberrations. These 
      techniques are far less time consuming and are more sensitive than classical 
      chromosomal analysis. Because leukemias commonly show a variety of specific 
      chromosome aberrations, detection of these aberrations by FISH and PCR in 
      peripheral blood may provide improved biomarkers of leukemia risk.
FAU - Smith, M T
AU  - Smith MT
AD  - School of Public Health, Division of Environmental Health Sciences, University of 
      California, Berkeley 94720-7360, USA. martynts@uclink4.berkeley.edu
FAU - Zhang, L
AU  - Zhang L
LA  - eng
GR  - P42 ES004705/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P30ES01896/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P42ES04705/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 ES06721/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
PL  - United States
TA  - Environ Health Perspect
JT  - Environmental health perspectives
JID - 0330411
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
RN  - J64922108F (Benzene)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Benzene/*adverse effects
MH  - Biomarkers
MH  - Child
MH  - Chromosome Aberrations
MH  - *Environmental Exposure
MH  - Genetic Predisposition to Disease
MH  - Humans
MH  - In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
MH  - Leukemia/epidemiology/*etiology
MH  - Polymerase Chain Reaction
MH  - Risk Factors
PMC - PMC1533331
EDAT- 1998/08/14 00:00
MHDA- 1998/08/14 00:01
PMCR- 1998/08/01
CRDT- 1998/08/14 00:00
PHST- 1998/08/14 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1998/08/14 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1998/08/14 00:00 [entrez]
PHST- 1998/08/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1289/ehp.98106s4937 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Health Perspect. 1998 Aug;106 Suppl 4(Suppl 4):937-46. doi: 
      10.1289/ehp.98106s4937.