PMID- 9815205
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19990107
LR  - 20190512
IS  - 0022-1899 (Print)
IS  - 0022-1899 (Linking)
VI  - 178
IP  - 6
DP  - 1998 Dec
TI  - Etiology of measles- and rubella-like illnesses in measles, mumps, and 
      rubella-vaccinated children.
PG  - 1567-70
AB  - The viral etiology of measles- or rubella-like illnesses after MMR (measles, 
      mumps, and rubella) vaccination was studied prospectively in 993 acutely ill 
      Finnish children with fever and rash in 1983-1995. Their sera were tested for 
      adeno-, entero-, and parvovirus B19 antibodies. Sera of 300 children <4 years old 
      were also tested for human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) antibodies. Measles and rubella 
      had been excluded by previous antibody testing. Serologic diagnosis of adeno-, 
      entero-, or parvovirus infection was based on EIA (IgM or IgG antibodies) and 
      that of HHV-6 on indirect immunofluorescence. A viral etiology was verified in 
      368 cases, most commonly parvovirus (20%), followed by enterovirus (9%) and 
      adenovirus (4%). Among young children, HHV-6 infection was found in 37 (12%). 
      Thirty-eight children (4%) had double infections. This study confirms that 
      measles- or rubella-like illnesses in MMR-vaccinated children are often caused by 
      other viruses. Each suspected vaccine failure requires laboratory confirmation to 
      maintain reliable surveillance and control and to establish the specific etiology 
      of the disease.
FAU - Davidkin, I
AU  - Davidkin I
AD  - National Public Health Institute, Helsinki University Central Hospital,Helsinki, 
      Finland. Irja.Davidkin@ktl.fi
FAU - Valle, M
AU  - Valle M
FAU - Peltola, H
AU  - Peltola H
FAU - Hovi, T
AU  - Hovi T
FAU - Paunio, M
AU  - Paunio M
FAU - Roivainen, M
AU  - Roivainen M
FAU - Linnavuori, K
AU  - Linnavuori K
FAU - Jokinen, S
AU  - Jokinen S
FAU - Leinikki, P
AU  - Leinikki P
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - J Infect Dis
JT  - The Journal of infectious diseases
JID - 0413675
RN  - 0 (Antibodies, Viral)
RN  - 0 (Measles Vaccine)
RN  - 0 (Mumps Vaccine)
RN  - 0 (Rubella Vaccine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adenoviruses, Human/immunology
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Antibodies, Viral/*blood
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Enterovirus/immunology
MH  - Finland
MH  - Herpesvirus 6, Human/immunology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Measles/*etiology
MH  - *Measles Vaccine
MH  - *Mumps Vaccine
MH  - Parvovirus/immunology
MH  - Prospective Studies
MH  - Rubella/*etiology
MH  - *Rubella Vaccine
EDAT- 1998/11/17 03:02
MHDA- 2000/03/21 09:00
CRDT- 1998/11/17 03:02
PHST- 1998/11/17 03:02 [pubmed]
PHST- 2000/03/21 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 1998/11/17 03:02 [entrez]
AID - JID980451 [pii]
AID - 10.1086/314513 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Infect Dis. 1998 Dec;178(6):1567-70. doi: 10.1086/314513.