PMID- 9875992
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19990223
LR  - 20220321
IS  - 1040-5488 (Print)
IS  - 1040-5488 (Linking)
VI  - 75
IP  - 12
DP  - 1998 Dec
TI  - Location and stability of a newly established eccentric retinal locus suitable 
      for reading, achieved through training of patients with a dense central scotoma.
PG  - 873-8
AB  - Six patients, median age 71 years, with a dense central scotoma in one eye and a 
      median visual acuity of 0.06 (20/330) in the same eye, were all (100%) shown by 
      means of fundus photography including a fixation target to preferably use an 
      unfavorable retinal locus for fixation, i.e., within the lesion (scotoma). None 
      of the patients was able to read novel text with the affected eye. A computer and 
      video display system were used to determine the most suitable area above or below 
      the visual field scotoma (below or above the retinal lesion) for reading and the 
      magnification needed at this eccentricity. The same setup was also used for an 
      introductory training in reading single words as well as scrolled text with the 
      aim of establishing a preferred retinal locus (PRL) at a favorable, eccentric 
      position, the trained retinal locus (TRL). Thereafter, the patients were provided 
      with strong positive lenses (median power, 40 D) for reading printed text at a 
      very short reading distance (median, 2.5 cm), first single words, above and below 
      which help lines were printed to facilitate eccentric fixation, and finally, 
      novel text. The total training time was 4 to 5 h. Thereafter, fundus photography 
      showed that five of the patients (83%) used their TRL as their PRL. Reading speed 
      was 71 words per minute (median). Our results seem to indicate that an eccentric 
      PRL favorable for effective reading can be established through training and that 
      a fairly low number of training sessions is required.
FAU - Nilsson, U L
AU  - Nilsson UL
AD  - Department of Ophthalmology, Linkoping University, Sweden.
FAU - Frennesson, C
AU  - Frennesson C
FAU - Nilsson, S E
AU  - Nilsson SE
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - Optom Vis Sci
JT  - Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of 
      Optometry
JID - 8904931
SB  - IM
MH  - Aged
MH  - Female
MH  - *Fixation, Ocular
MH  - Humans
MH  - Macular Degeneration/rehabilitation
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Patient Education as Topic
MH  - *Reading
MH  - Retina/*physiology
MH  - Scotoma/*rehabilitation
MH  - Vision, Low/*rehabilitation
MH  - Visual Acuity
EDAT- 1999/01/06 00:00
MHDA- 1999/01/06 00:01
CRDT- 1999/01/06 00:00
PHST- 1999/01/06 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1999/01/06 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1999/01/06 00:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1097/00006324-199812000-00009 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Optom Vis Sci. 1998 Dec;75(12):873-8. doi: 10.1097/00006324-199812000-00009.