PMID- 9876439
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19990413
LR  - 20190607
IS  - 0036-4665 (Print)
IS  - 0036-4665 (Linking)
VI  - 40
IP  - 4
DP  - 1998 Jul-Aug
TI  - Vertical transmission of HTLV-I/II: a review.
PG  - 245-51
AB  - The vertical transmission of the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) 
      occurs predominantly through breast-feeding. Since some bottle-fed children born 
      to carrier mothers still remain seropositive with a frequency that varies from 
      3.3% to 12.8%, an alternative pathway of vertical transmission must be 
      considered. The prevalence rate of vertical transmission observed in Japan varied 
      from 15% to 25% in different surveys. In Brazil there is no evaluation of this 
      form of transmission until now. However, it is known that in Salvador, Bahia, 
      0.7% to 0.88% of pregnant women of low socio-economic class are HTLV-I carriers. 
      Furthermore the occurrence of many cases of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma and of 
      four cases of infective dermatitis in Salvador, diseases directly linked to the 
      vertical transmission of HTLV-I, indicates the importance of this route of 
      infection among us. Through prenatal screening for HTLV-I and the refraining from 
      breast-feeding a reduction of approximately 80% of vertical transmission has been 
      observed in Japan. We suggest that in Brazil serologic screening for HTLV-I 
      infection must be done for selected groups in the prenatal care: pregnant women 
      from endemic areas, Japanese immigrants or Japanese descendents, intravenous drug 
      users (IDU) or women whose partners are IDU, Human immunodeficiency virus 
      carriers, pregnant women with promiscuous sexual behavior and pregnant women that 
      have received blood transfusions in areas where blood donors screening is not 
      performed. There are in the literature few reports demonstrating the vertical 
      transmission of HTLV-II.
FAU - Bittencourt, A L
AU  - Bittencourt AL
AD  - Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brasil. achilea@svn.com.br
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - Brazil
TA  - Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo
JT  - Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo
JID - 7507484
SB  - IM
MH  - Brazil
MH  - Breast Feeding/*adverse effects
MH  - Female
MH  - HTLV-I Infections/prevention & control/*transmission
MH  - HTLV-II Infections/prevention & control/*transmission
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Infant, Newborn
MH  - *Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical/prevention & control
MH  - Male
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Prevalence
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - Socioeconomic Factors
RF  - 68
OID - PIP: 142583
OID - POP: 00286593
OAB - HTLV-I is endemic in southwestern and northern Japan, Africa, Australia, Alaska, 
      South America, and the Caribbean. HTLV-I is transmitted vertically mainly through 
      breast-feeding. However, since some bottle-fed children born to carrier mothers 
      remain seropositive with a frequency of 3.3-12.8%, an alternative pathway of 
      vertical transmission must be considered. Surveys in Japan have found prevalence 
      rates of vertical HTLV-I transmission of 15-25%. In Salvador-Bahia, Brazil, 
      0.7-0.88% of low income, pregnant women carry HTLV-I. The occurrence of many 
      cases of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma and of 4 cases of infective dermatitis in 
      Salvador, diseases directly linked to the vertical transmission of HTLV-I, points 
      to the importance of this route of infection. Prenatal screening and refraining 
      from breast-feeding has led to an 80% reduction in the level of vertical 
      transmission in Japan. In Brazil, serologic screening for HTLV-I infection should 
      be performed upon pregnant women from endemic areas, Japanese immigrants or 
      Japanese descendants, IV drug users (IVDU) or women whose partners are IVDUs, HIV 
      carriers, pregnant women with promiscuous sexual behavior, and pregnant women who 
      have received blood transfusions in areas where blood screening is not conducted. 
      Associated diseases, viral transmission through breast-feeding, other means of 
      vertical transmission, mechanisms of the transplacental transmission of HTLV-I, 
      risk factors for vertical transmission, the diagnosis and prevention of vertical 
      transmission, and HTLV-II are discussed.
OABL- eng
OTO - PIP
OT  - Americas
OT  - Asia
OT  - Brazil
OT  - *Breast Feeding
OT  - Developed Countries
OT  - Developing Countries
OT  - Diseases
OT  - Eastern Asia
OT  - Health
OT  - *Hiv Infections
OT  - Infant Nutrition
OT  - Japan
OT  - Latin America
OT  - *Literature Review
OT  - Nutrition
OT  - South America
OT  - *Vertical Transmission
OT  - Viral Diseases
GN  - PIP: TJ: REVISTA DO INSTITUTO DE MEDICINA TROPICAL DE SAO PAULO.
EDAT- 1999/01/07 00:00
MHDA- 1999/01/07 00:01
CRDT- 1999/01/07 00:00
PHST- 1999/01/07 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1999/01/07 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1999/01/07 00:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1590/s0036-46651998000400008 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo. 1998 Jul-Aug;40(4):245-51. doi: 
      10.1590/s0036-46651998000400008.