PMID- 9990060 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 19990325 LR - 20190501 IS - 0027-8424 (Print) IS - 1091-6490 (Electronic) IS - 0027-8424 (Linking) VI - 96 IP - 4 DP - 1999 Feb 16 TI - GA-binding protein factors, in concert with the coactivator CREB binding protein/p300, control the induction of the interleukin 16 promoter in T lymphocytes. PG - 1541-6 AB - Interleukin 16 (IL-16) is a chemotactic cytokine that binds to the CD4 receptor and affects the activation of T cells and replication of HIV. It is expressed as a large 67-kDa precursor protein (pro-IL-16) in lymphocytes, macrophages, and mast cells, as well as in airway epithelial cells from asthmatics after challenge with allergen. This pro-IL-16 is subsequently processed to the mature cytokine of 13 kDa. To study the expression of IL-16 at the transcriptional level, we cloned the human chromosomal IL-16 gene and analyzed its promoter. The human IL-16 gene consists of seven exons and six introns. The 5' sequences up to nucleotide -120 of the human and murine IL-16 genes share >84% sequence homology and harbor promoter elements for constitutive and inducible transcription in T cells. Although both promoters lack any TATA box, they contain two CAAT box-like motifs and three binding sites of GA-binding protein (GABP) transcription factors. Two of these motifs are part of a highly conserved and inducible dyad symmetry element shown previously to control a remote IL-2 enhancer and the CD18 promoter. In concert with the coactivator CREB binding protein/p300, which interacts with GABPalpha, the binding of GABPalpha and -beta to the dyad symmetry element controls the induction of IL-16 promoter in T cells. Supplementing the data on the processing of pro-IL-16, our results indicate the complexity of IL-16 expression, which is tightly controlled at the transcriptional and posttranslational levels in T lymphocytes. FAU - Bannert, N AU - Bannert N AD - Paul-Ehrlich-Institute, Paul-Ehrlich-Strasse 51-59, D-63225 Langen, Germany. FAU - Avots, A AU - Avots A FAU - Baier, M AU - Baier M FAU - Serfling, E AU - Serfling E FAU - Kurth, R AU - Kurth R LA - eng SI - GENBANK/AF077011 SI - GENBANK/AF077012 PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - United States TA - Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A JT - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America JID - 7505876 RN - 0 (Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein) RN - 0 (DNA-Binding Proteins) RN - 0 (GA-Binding Protein Transcription Factor) RN - 0 (Gabpb1 protein, mouse) RN - 0 (Interleukin-16) RN - 0 (Nuclear Proteins) RN - 0 (Protein Precursors) RN - 0 (Recombinant Proteins) RN - 0 (Trans-Activators) RN - 0 (Transcription Factors) RN - EC 2.3.1.48 (E1A-Associated p300 Protein) RN - EC 2.3.1.48 (Ep300 protein, mouse) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Base Sequence MH - Chromosome Mapping MH - Cloning, Molecular MH - Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein/*metabolism MH - DNA-Binding Proteins/*metabolism MH - E1A-Associated p300 Protein MH - GA-Binding Protein Transcription Factor MH - *Gene Expression Regulation MH - Humans MH - Interleukin-16/biosynthesis/*genetics MH - Mice MH - Molecular Sequence Data MH - Nuclear Proteins/*metabolism MH - *Promoter Regions, Genetic MH - Protein Precursors/genetics/immunology MH - Recombinant Proteins/biosynthesis MH - Sequence Alignment MH - Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid MH - T-Lymphocytes/*immunology MH - Trans-Activators/*metabolism MH - Transcription Factors/*metabolism PMC - PMC15509 EDAT- 1999/02/17 00:00 MHDA- 1999/02/17 00:01 PMCR- 1999/08/16 CRDT- 1999/02/17 00:00 PHST- 1999/02/17 00:00 [pubmed] PHST- 1999/02/17 00:01 [medline] PHST- 1999/02/17 00:00 [entrez] PHST- 1999/08/16 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 4792 [pii] AID - 10.1073/pnas.96.4.1541 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Feb 16;96(4):1541-6. doi: 10.1073/pnas.96.4.1541.