PMID- 12401408
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20021217
LR  - 20220410
IS  - 1471-4906 (Print)
IS  - 1471-4906 (Linking)
VI  - 23
IP  - 11
DP  - 2002 Nov
TI  - Macrophage polarization: tumor-associated macrophages as a paradigm for polarized 
      M2 mononuclear phagocytes.
PG  - 549-55
AB  - Mononuclear phagocytes are versatile cells that can express different functional 
      programs in response to microenvironmental signals. Fully polarized M1 and M2 (or 
      alternatively activated) macrophages are the extremes of a continuum of 
      functional states. Macrophages that infiltrate tumor tissues are driven by 
      tumor-derived and T cell-derived cytokines to acquire a polarized M2 phenotype. 
      These functionally polarized cells, and similarly oriented or immature dendritic 
      cells present in tumors, have a key role in subversion of adaptive immunity and 
      in inflammatory circuits that promote tumor growth and progression.
FAU - Mantovani, Alberto
AU  - Mantovani A
AD  - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via Eritrea 62, I-20157 Milan, 
      Italy. mantovani@marionegri.it
FAU - Sozzani, Silvano
AU  - Sozzani S
FAU - Locati, Massimo
AU  - Locati M
FAU - Allavena, Paola
AU  - Allavena P
FAU - Sica, Antonio
AU  - Sica A
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - England
TA  - Trends Immunol
JT  - Trends in immunology
JID - 100966032
RN  - 0 (Chemokines)
RN  - 0 (Cytokines)
SB  - IM
CIN - Trends Immunol. 2003 May;24(5):232-3; author reply 234. PMID: 12738414
MH  - Animals
MH  - Cell Differentiation
MH  - Chemokines/biosynthesis
MH  - Cytokines/biosynthesis
MH  - Humans
MH  - Macrophage Activation
MH  - Macrophages/classification/*immunology/pathology
MH  - Models, Immunological
MH  - Neoplasms/*immunology/pathology
MH  - Phagocytes/classification/immunology/pathology
MH  - Signal Transduction
RF  - 74
EDAT- 2002/10/29 04:00
MHDA- 2002/12/18 04:00
CRDT- 2002/10/29 04:00
PHST- 2002/10/29 04:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2002/12/18 04:00 [medline]
PHST- 2002/10/29 04:00 [entrez]
AID - S1471490602023025 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/s1471-4906(02)02302-5 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Trends Immunol. 2002 Nov;23(11):549-55. doi: 10.1016/s1471-4906(02)02302-5.