PMID- 19095670
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20090825
LR  - 20240316
IS  - 1460-2350 (Electronic)
IS  - 0268-1161 (Print)
IS  - 0268-1161 (Linking)
VI  - 24
IP  - 3
DP  - 2009 Mar
TI  - Development of an animal experimental model to study the effects of 
      levonorgestrel on the human endometrium.
PG  - 697-704
LID - 10.1093/humrep/den437 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: This study was designed to develop an animal model to test the 
      response of endometrium to local progestin delivery. METHODS: Proliferative human 
      endometrium was subcutaneously grafted in two groups of SCID mice that received, 
      2 days before, a subcutaneous estradiol (E(2)) pellet and, for half of them, an 
      additional implant of levonorgestrel (LNG). Mice were sacrificed 1, 2, 3 or 4 
      weeks after endometrial implantation and grafts were histologically analysed. 
      Proliferation, steroid hormone receptors, blood vessels and stromal 
      decidualization in both groups (E(2) and LNG) were immunohistologically evaluated 
      and compared with proliferative endometrium and endometrium from women with an 
      LNG intrauterine device. RESULTS: Grafts presented normal morphological 
      endometrial characteristics. The expression of progesterone receptors was 
      significantly decreased in glands and stroma of the LNG group as compared with 
      the E(2) group at all times. A significant decrease was also observed in the 
      stromal expression of estrogen receptor-alpha in the LNG group. At 4 weeks, the 
      mean cross-sectional area of vessels was significantly higher after LNG 
      treatment. CONCLUSIONS: These morphological and immunohistochemical 
      characteristics are similar to those observed in women treated with local LNG. 
      This mouse model might facilitate further investigations needed to understand the 
      mechanisms responsible for the breakthrough bleeding frequently observed in 
      progestin users.
FAU - Alvarez Gonzalez, M-L
AU  - Alvarez Gonzalez ML
AD  - Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA-Research, B23, University de 
      Liege, Sart-Tilman, B-4000 Liege, Belgium.
FAU - Galant, C
AU  - Galant C
FAU - Frankenne, F
AU  - Frankenne F
FAU - Nisolle, M
AU  - Nisolle M
FAU - Labied, S
AU  - Labied S
FAU - Foidart, J-M
AU  - Foidart JM
FAU - Marbaix, E
AU  - Marbaix E
FAU - Beliard, A
AU  - Beliard A
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20081217
PL  - England
TA  - Hum Reprod
JT  - Human reproduction (Oxford, England)
JID - 8701199
RN  - 0 (Contraceptive Agents, Female)
RN  - 0 (Progestins)
RN  - 4TI98Z838E (Estradiol)
RN  - 5W7SIA7YZW (Levonorgestrel)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Animals
MH  - Biopsy
MH  - Cell Proliferation
MH  - Contraceptive Agents, Female/administration & dosage/*pharmacology
MH  - Disease Models, Animal
MH  - Endometrium/*drug effects
MH  - Estradiol/administration & dosage
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immunohistochemistry/methods
MH  - Levonorgestrel/administration & dosage/*pharmacology
MH  - Mice
MH  - Mice, SCID
MH  - Progestins/biosynthesis
PMC - PMC2646790
EDAT- 2008/12/20 09:00
MHDA- 2009/08/26 09:00
PMCR- 2008/12/17
CRDT- 2008/12/20 09:00
PHST- 2008/12/20 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2008/12/20 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2009/08/26 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2008/12/17 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - den437 [pii]
AID - 10.1093/humrep/den437 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Hum Reprod. 2009 Mar;24(3):697-704. doi: 10.1093/humrep/den437. Epub 2008 Dec 17.