PMID- 19460998
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20090604
LR  - 20240227
IS  - 1095-9203 (Electronic)
IS  - 0036-8075 (Print)
IS  - 0036-8075 (Linking)
VI  - 324
IP  - 5930
DP  - 2009 May 22
TI  - Understanding the Warburg effect: the metabolic requirements of cell 
      proliferation.
PG  - 1029-33
LID - 10.1126/science.1160809 [doi]
AB  - In contrast to normal differentiated cells, which rely primarily on mitochondrial 
      oxidative phosphorylation to generate the energy needed for cellular processes, 
      most cancer cells instead rely on aerobic glycolysis, a phenomenon termed "the 
      Warburg effect." Aerobic glycolysis is an inefficient way to generate adenosine 
      5'-triphosphate (ATP), however, and the advantage it confers to cancer cells has 
      been unclear. Here we propose that the metabolism of cancer cells, and indeed all 
      proliferating cells, is adapted to facilitate the uptake and incorporation of 
      nutrients into the biomass (e.g., nucleotides, amino acids, and lipids) needed to 
      produce a new cell. Supporting this idea are recent studies showing that (i) 
      several signaling pathways implicated in cell proliferation also regulate 
      metabolic pathways that incorporate nutrients into biomass; and that (ii) certain 
      cancer-associated mutations enable cancer cells to acquire and metabolize 
      nutrients in a manner conducive to proliferation rather than efficient ATP 
      production. A better understanding of the mechanistic links between cellular 
      metabolism and growth control may ultimately lead to better treatments for human 
      cancer.
FAU - Vander Heiden, Matthew G
AU  - Vander Heiden MG
AD  - Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, 
      USA.
FAU - Cantley, Lewis C
AU  - Cantley LC
FAU - Thompson, Craig B
AU  - Thompson CB
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 CA105463/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 CA092660/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 CA105463-06/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - T32 CA009172/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 CA092660-09/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 GM056203/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
PL  - United States
TA  - Science
JT  - Science (New York, N.Y.)
JID - 0404511
RN  - 0 (Amino Acids)
RN  - 0 (Lipids)
RN  - 0 (Nucleotides)
RN  - 8L70Q75FXE (Adenosine Triphosphate)
RN  - IY9XDZ35W2 (Glucose)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism
MH  - Aerobiosis
MH  - Amino Acids/biosynthesis
MH  - Animals
MH  - *Cell Proliferation
MH  - Glucose/metabolism
MH  - *Glycolysis
MH  - Humans
MH  - Lipids/biosynthesis
MH  - Metabolic Networks and Pathways
MH  - Mutation
MH  - Neoplasms/genetics/*metabolism/*pathology
MH  - Nucleotides/biosynthesis
MH  - Oxidative Phosphorylation
MH  - Signal Transduction
PMC - PMC2849637
MID - NIHMS165713
EDAT- 2009/05/23 09:00
MHDA- 2009/06/06 09:00
PMCR- 2010/04/05
CRDT- 2009/05/23 09:00
PHST- 2009/05/23 09:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/05/23 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2009/06/06 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 2010/04/05 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 324/5930/1029 [pii]
AID - 10.1126/science.1160809 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Science. 2009 May 22;324(5930):1029-33. doi: 10.1126/science.1160809.