PMID- 19738629
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20091001
LR  - 20240109
IS  - 1471-0080 (Electronic)
IS  - 1471-0072 (Linking)
VI  - 10
IP  - 10
DP  - 2009 Oct
TI  - Mechanisms of polycomb gene silencing: knowns and unknowns.
PG  - 697-708
LID - 10.1038/nrm2763 [doi]
AB  - Polycomb proteins form chromatin-modifying complexes that implement 
      transcriptional silencing in higher eukaryotes. Hundreds of genes are silenced by 
      Polycomb proteins, including dozens of genes that encode crucial developmental 
      regulators in organisms ranging from plants to humans. Two main families of 
      complexes, called Polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1) and PRC2, are targeted to 
      repressed regions. Recent studies have advanced our understanding of these 
      complexes, including their potential mechanisms of gene silencing, the roles of 
      chromatin modifications, their means of delivery to target genes and the 
      functional distinctions among variant complexes. Emerging concepts include the 
      existence of a Polycomb barrier to transcription elongation and the involvement 
      of non-coding RNAs in the targeting of Polycomb complexes. These findings have an 
      impact on the epigenetic programming of gene expression in many biological 
      systems.
FAU - Simon, Jeffrey A
AU  - Simon JA
AD  - Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, 
      Minneapolis 55455, USA. simon004@umn.edu
FAU - Kingston, Robert E
AU  - Kingston RE
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 GM043901/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R37 GM048405/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20090909
PL  - England
TA  - Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol
JT  - Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology
JID - 100962782
RN  - 0 (Chromatin)
RN  - 0 (Homeodomain Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Polycomb-Group Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Repressor Proteins)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Chromatin/metabolism
MH  - DNA Methylation
MH  - Epigenesis, Genetic
MH  - Gene Expression Regulation
MH  - *Gene Silencing
MH  - *Genes, Homeobox
MH  - Homeodomain Proteins/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Humans
MH  - Models, Biological
MH  - Polycomb-Group Proteins
MH  - Repressor Proteins/genetics/*metabolism
RF  - 171
EDAT- 2009/09/10 06:00
MHDA- 2009/10/02 06:00
CRDT- 2009/09/10 06:00
PHST- 2009/09/10 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/09/10 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2009/10/02 06:00 [medline]
AID - nrm2763 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/nrm2763 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2009 Oct;10(10):697-708. doi: 10.1038/nrm2763. Epub 2009 
      Sep 9.