PMID- 19897082
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20100108
LR  - 20131121
IS  - 2162-5514 (Electronic)
IS  - 0074-7742 (Linking)
VI  - 88
DP  - 2009
TI  - Cocaine-induced breakdown of the blood-brain barrier and neurotoxicity.
PG  - 297-334
LID - 10.1016/S0074-7742(09)88011-2 [doi]
AB  - Role of cocaine in influencing blood-brain barrier (BBB) function is still 
      unknown. Available evidences suggest that cocaine administration results in acute 
      hyperthermia and alterations in brain serotonin metabolism. Since hyperthermia is 
      capable to induce the breakdown of the BBB either directly or through altered 
      serotonin metabolism, a possibility exists that cocaine may induce neurotoxicity 
      by causing BBB disruption. This hypothesis is discussed in this review largely 
      based on our own laboratory investigations. Our observations in rats demonstrate 
      that cocaine depending on the dose and routes of administration induces profound 
      hyperthermia, increased plasma and brain serotonin levels leading to BBB 
      breakdown and brain edema formation. Furthermore, cocaine was able to enhance 
      cellular stress as seen by upregulation of heat shock protein (HSP 72 kD) 
      expression and resulted in marked neuronal and glial cell damages at the time of 
      the BBB dysfunction. Taken together, these observations are the first to suggest 
      that cocaine-induced BBB disruption is instrumental in precipitating brain 
      pathology. The possible mechanisms of cocaine-induced BBB breakdown and 
      neurotoxicity are discussed.
FAU - Sharma, Hari S
AU  - Sharma HS
AD  - Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Research & Pain Research Laboratory, Department of 
      Surgical Sciences, Anesthesiology & Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital, 
      Uppsala University, SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden.
FAU - Muresanu, Dafin
AU  - Muresanu D
FAU - Sharma, Aruna
AU  - Sharma A
FAU - Patnaik, Ranjana
AU  - Patnaik R
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
PL  - United States
TA  - Int Rev Neurobiol
JT  - International review of neurobiology
JID - 0374740
RN  - 0 (Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors)
RN  - I5Y540LHVR (Cocaine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Blood-Brain Barrier/*drug effects
MH  - Brain/drug effects/pathology
MH  - Brain Edema/chemically induced/pathology
MH  - Cerebrovascular Circulation/drug effects
MH  - Cocaine/*toxicity
MH  - Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors/*toxicity
MH  - Fever/chemically induced
MH  - Humans
MH  - Neurotoxicity Syndromes/*physiopathology
RF  - 141
EDAT- 2009/11/10 06:00
MHDA- 2010/01/09 06:00
CRDT- 2009/11/10 06:00
PHST- 2009/11/10 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2009/11/10 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2010/01/09 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0074-7742(09)88011-2 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/S0074-7742(09)88011-2 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Int Rev Neurobiol. 2009;88:297-334. doi: 10.1016/S0074-7742(09)88011-2.