PMID- 21041494
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20110125
LR  - 20240320
IS  - 1098-5522 (Electronic)
IS  - 0019-9567 (Print)
IS  - 0019-9567 (Linking)
VI  - 79
IP  - 1
DP  - 2011 Jan
TI  - Strain-specific polymorphisms in Paneth cell alpha-defensins of C57BL/6 mice and 
      evidence of vestigial myeloid alpha-defensin pseudogenes.
PG  - 459-73
LID - 10.1128/IAI.00996-10 [doi]
AB  - Paneth cells at the base of small intestinal crypts secrete microbicidal 
      alpha-defensins, termed cryptdins (Crps) in mice, as mediators of innate immunity. 
      Proteomic studies show that five abundant Paneth cell alpha-defensins in C57BL/6 mice 
      are strain specific in that they have not been identified in other inbred strains 
      of mice. Two C57BL/6-specific peptides are coded for by the Defcr20 and -21 genes 
      evident in the NIH C57BL/6 genome but absent from the Celera mixed-strain 
      assembly, which excludes C57BL/6 data and differs from the NIH build with respect 
      to the organization of the alpha-defensin gene locus. Conversely, C57BL/6 mice lack 
      the Crp1, -2, -4, and -6 peptides and their corresponding Defcr1, -2, -4, and -6 
      genes, which are common to several mouse strains, including those of the Celera 
      assembly. In C57BL/6 mice, alpha-defensin gene diversification appears to have 
      occurred by tandem duplication of a multigene cassette that was not found in the 
      mixed-strain assembly. Both mouse genome assemblies contain conserved alpha-defensin 
      pseudogenes that are closely related to functional myeloid alpha-defensin genes in 
      the rat, suggesting that the neutrophil alpha-defensin defect in mice resulted from 
      progressive gene loss. Given the role of alpha-defensins in shaping the composition 
      of the enteric microflora, such polymorphisms may influence outcomes in mouse 
      models of disease or infection.
FAU - Shanahan, Michael T
AU  - Shanahan MT
AD  - Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the 
      University of Southern California, USC Norris Cancer Center, NRT 7514, 1450 Biggy 
      Street, Los Angeles, CA 90089-9601, USA.
FAU - Tanabe, Hiroki
AU  - Tanabe H
FAU - Ouellette, Andre J
AU  - Ouellette AJ
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 AI059346/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 DK044632/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
GR  - AI059346/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States
GR  - DK044632/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
DEP - 20101101
PL  - United States
TA  - Infect Immun
JT  - Infection and immunity
JID - 0246127
RN  - 0 (alpha-Defensins)
SB  - IM
MH  - Amino Acid Sequence
MH  - Animals
MH  - Base Sequence
MH  - Gene Expression Regulation/physiology
MH  - Intestine, Small/metabolism
MH  - Mice
MH  - Mice, Inbred C57BL
MH  - Molecular Sequence Data
MH  - Myeloid Cells/metabolism
MH  - Paneth Cells/*metabolism
MH  - Phylogeny
MH  - Polymorphism, Genetic
MH  - Pseudogenes
MH  - Rats
MH  - alpha-Defensins/*genetics/*metabolism
PMC - PMC3019906
EDAT- 2010/11/03 06:00
MHDA- 2011/01/28 06:00
PMCR- 2011/07/01
CRDT- 2010/11/03 06:00
PHST- 2010/11/03 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2010/11/03 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/01/28 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2011/07/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - IAI.00996-10 [pii]
AID - 0996-10 [pii]
AID - 10.1128/IAI.00996-10 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Infect Immun. 2011 Jan;79(1):459-73. doi: 10.1128/IAI.00996-10. Epub 2010 Nov 1.