PMID- 21631286
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20110922
LR  - 20210103
IS  - 1938-5404 (Electronic)
IS  - 0033-7587 (Linking)
VI  - 176
IP  - 2
DP  - 2011 Aug
TI  - Radiation-induced bystander effects: what are they, and how relevant are they to 
      human radiation exposures?
PG  - 139-57
AB  - The term radiation-induced bystander effect is used to describe radiation-induced 
      biological changes that manifest in unirradiated cells remaining within an 
      irradiated cell population. Despite their failure to fit into the framework of 
      classical radiobiology, radiation-induced bystander effects have entered the 
      mainstream and have become established in the radiobiology vocabulary as a bona 
      fide radiation response. However, there is still no consensus on a precise 
      definition of radiation-induced bystander effects, which currently encompasses a 
      number of distinct signal-mediated effects. These effects are classified here 
      into three classes: bystander effects, abscopal effects and cohort effects. In 
      this review, the data have been evaluated to define, where possible, various 
      features specific to radiation-induced bystander effects, including their timing, 
      range, potency and dependence on dose, dose rate, radiation quality and cell 
      type. The weight of evidence supporting these defining features is discussed in 
      the context of bystander experimental systems that closely replicate realistic 
      human exposure scenarios. Whether the manifestation of bystander effects in vivo 
      is intrinsically limited to particular radiation exposure scenarios is 
      considered. The conditions under which radiation-induced bystander effects are 
      induced in vivo will ultimately determine their impact on radiation-induced 
      carcinogenic risk.
FAU - Blyth, Benjamin J
AU  - Blyth BJ
AD  - Haematology and Genetic Pathology, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South 
      Australia 5042, Australia.
FAU - Sykes, Pamela J
AU  - Sykes PJ
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
PT  - Review
DEP - 20110601
PL  - United States
TA  - Radiat Res
JT  - Radiation research
JID - 0401245
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Bystander Effect/*radiation effects
MH  - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation
MH  - *Environmental Exposure/adverse effects
MH  - Humans
MH  - Signal Transduction/radiation effects
MH  - Time Factors
EDAT- 2011/06/03 06:00
MHDA- 2011/09/23 06:00
CRDT- 2011/06/03 06:00
PHST- 2011/06/03 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/06/03 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/09/23 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1667/RR2548.1 [pii]
AID - 10.1667/rr2548.1 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Radiat Res. 2011 Aug;176(2):139-57. doi: 10.1667/rr2548.1. Epub 2011 Jun 1.