PMID- 21637379
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20110714
LR  - 20220408
IS  - 2090-1747 (Electronic)
IS  - 2090-1739 (Print)
IS  - 2090-1747 (Linking)
VI  - 2011
DP  - 2011
TI  - Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases and Reactive Oxygen Species: How Can ROS 
      Activate MAPK Pathways?
PG  - 792639
LID - 10.1155/2011/792639 [doi]
LID - 792639
AB  - Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are serine-threonine protein kinases 
      that play the major role in signal transduction from the cell surface to the 
      nucleus. MAPKs, which consist of growth factor-regulated extracellular 
      signal-related kinases (ERKs), and the stress-activated MAPKs, c-jun 
      NH(2)-terminal kinases (JNKs) and p38 MAPKs, are part of a three-kinase signaling 
      module composed of the MAPK, an MAPK kinase (MAP2K) and an MAPK kinase (MAP3K). 
      MAP3Ks phosphorylate MAP2Ks, which in turn activate MAPKs. MAPK phosphatases 
      (MKPs), which recognize the TXY amino acid motif present in MAPKs, 
      dephosphorylate and deactivate MAPKs. MAPK pathways are known to be influenced 
      not only by receptor ligand interactions, but also by different stressors placed 
      on the cell. One type of stress that induces potential activation of MAPK 
      pathways is the oxidative stress caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS). 
      Generally, increased ROS production in a cell leads to the activation of ERKs, 
      JNKs, or p38 MAPKs, but the mechanisms by which ROS can activate these kinases 
      are unclear. Oxidative modifications of MAPK signaling proteins and inactivation 
      and/or degradation of MKPs may provide the plausible mechanisms for activation of 
      MAPK pathways by ROS, which will be reviewed in this paper.
FAU - Son, Yong
AU  - Son Y
AD  - Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Wonkwang University School of 
      Medicine, Iksan 570-749, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Cheong, Yong-Kwan
AU  - Cheong YK
FAU - Kim, Nam-Ho
AU  - Kim NH
FAU - Chung, Hun-Taeg
AU  - Chung HT
FAU - Kang, Dae Gill
AU  - Kang DG
FAU - Pae, Hyun-Ock
AU  - Pae HO
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20110206
PL  - United States
TA  - J Signal Transduct
JT  - Journal of signal transduction
JID - 101536934
PMC - PMC3100083
EDAT- 2011/06/04 06:00
MHDA- 2011/06/04 06:01
PMCR- 2011/02/06
CRDT- 2011/06/04 06:00
PHST- 2010/08/16 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2010/12/25 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2011/01/11 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2011/06/04 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2011/06/04 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2011/06/04 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2011/02/06 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1155/2011/792639 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Signal Transduct. 2011;2011:792639. doi: 10.1155/2011/792639. Epub 2011 Feb 6.