PMID- 22664787
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20121203
LR  - 20220408
IS  - 1759-4766 (Electronic)
IS  - 1759-4758 (Linking)
VI  - 8
IP  - 7
DP  - 2012 Jun 5
TI  - The immunology of acute stroke.
PG  - 401-10
LID - 10.1038/nrneurol.2012.98 [doi]
AB  - Recent clinical and experimental studies have highlighted a complex role for the 
      immune system in the pathophysiological changes that occur after acute stroke. 
      Sensors of the innate immune system such as Toll-like receptors, or effectors 
      such as the lectin pathway of complement activation and innate immune cells, are 
      activated by brain ischaemia and tissue damage, leading to amplification of the 
      inflammatory cascade. Activation of the adaptive arm of the immune system, 
      mediated by lymphocyte populations including T and B cells, regulatory T cells, 
      and gammadeltaT cells, in response to stroke can lead to deleterious antigen-specific 
      autoreactive responses but can also have cytoprotective effects. Increased 
      incidence of infections is observed after acute stroke, and might result from 
      activation of long-distance feedback loops between the CNS and peripheral immune 
      organs, which are thought to play a part in stroke-induced immunodepression. 
      Ongoing clinical trials are investigating whether the preventive use of 
      antibiotics improves functional outcome after stroke. This Review discusses the 
      multifaceted role of the immune system in the pathophysiology of acute stroke.
FAU - Chamorro, Angel
AU  - Chamorro A
AD  - Comprehensive Stroke Center, Department of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic, 
      University of Barcelona, 170 Villarroel, 08036 Barcelona, Spain. achamorro@ub.edu
FAU - Meisel, Andreas
AU  - Meisel A
FAU - Planas, Anna M
AU  - Planas AM
FAU - Urra, Xabier
AU  - Urra X
FAU - van de Beek, Diederik
AU  - van de Beek D
FAU - Veltkamp, Roland
AU  - Veltkamp R
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
DEP - 20120605
PL  - England
TA  - Nat Rev Neurol
JT  - Nature reviews. Neurology
JID - 101500072
SB  - IM
MH  - Central Nervous System/immunology/physiopathology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immune System/physiology/*physiopathology
MH  - Stroke/*immunology
EDAT- 2012/06/06 06:00
MHDA- 2012/12/10 06:00
CRDT- 2012/06/06 06:00
PHST- 2012/06/06 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2012/06/06 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2012/12/10 06:00 [medline]
AID - nrneurol.2012.98 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/nrneurol.2012.98 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Nat Rev Neurol. 2012 Jun 5;8(7):401-10. doi: 10.1038/nrneurol.2012.98.