PMID- 22926201 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20130823 LR - 20220318 IS - 1471-4981 (Electronic) IS - 1471-4906 (Linking) VI - 33 IP - 12 DP - 2012 Dec TI - Capture, crawl, cross: the T cell code to breach the blood-brain barriers. PG - 579-89 LID - S1471-4906(12)00126-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.it.2012.07.004 [doi] AB - The central nervous system (CNS) is an immunologically privileged site to which access of circulating immune cells is tightly controlled by the endothelial blood-brain barrier (BBB; see Glossary) localized in CNS microvessels, and the epithelial blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB) within the choroid plexus. As a result of the specialized structure of the CNS barriers, immune cell entry into the CNS parenchyma involves two differently regulated steps: migration of immune cells across the BBB or BCSFB into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-drained spaces of the CNS, followed by progression across the glia limitans into the CNS parenchyma. With a focus on multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal models, this review summarizes the distinct molecular mechanisms required for immune cell migration across the different CNS barriers. CI - Copyright (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Engelhardt, Britta AU - Engelhardt B AD - Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 1, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. bengel@tki.unibe.ch FAU - Ransohoff, Richard M AU - Ransohoff RM LA - eng GR - K24NS51400/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States GR - P50NS38667/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States GR - R01NS32151/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States GR - R21NS78420/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20120825 PL - England TA - Trends Immunol JT - Trends in immunology JID - 100966032 SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Basement Membrane/cytology/immunology MH - Blood-Brain Barrier/cytology/*immunology MH - *Cell Movement MH - Central Nervous System/cytology/immunology MH - Humans MH - T-Lymphocytes/cytology/*immunology EDAT- 2012/08/29 06:00 MHDA- 2013/08/24 06:00 CRDT- 2012/08/29 06:00 PHST- 2012/05/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2012/07/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2012/07/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2012/08/29 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2012/08/29 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2013/08/24 06:00 [medline] AID - S1471-4906(12)00126-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.it.2012.07.004 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Trends Immunol. 2012 Dec;33(12):579-89. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2012.07.004. Epub 2012 Aug 25.