PMID- 23406670 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20130801 LR - 20130214 IS - 1521-0081 (Electronic) IS - 0031-6997 (Linking) VI - 65 IP - 2 DP - 2013 Apr TI - The expanding roles of Gbetagamma subunits in G protein-coupled receptor signaling and drug action. PG - 545-77 LID - 10.1124/pr.111.005603 [doi] AB - Gbetagamma subunits from heterotrimeric G proteins perform a vast array of functions in cells with respect to signaling, often independently as well as in concert with Galpha subunits. However, the eponymous term "Gbetagamma" does not do justice to the fact that 5 Gbeta and 12 Ggamma isoforms have evolved in mammals to serve much broader roles beyond their canonical roles in cellular signaling. We explore the phylogenetic diversity of Gbetagamma subunits with a view toward understanding these expanded roles in different cellular organelles. We suggest that the particular content of distinct Gbetagamma subunits regulates cellular activity, and that the granularity of individual Gbeta and Ggamma action is only beginning to be understood. Given the therapeutic potential of targeting Gbetagamma action, this larger view serves as a prelude to more specific development of drugs aimed at individual isoforms. FAU - Khan, Shahriar M AU - Khan SM AD - Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir-William-Osler, Room 1303, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada. FAU - Sleno, Rory AU - Sleno R FAU - Gora, Sarah AU - Gora S FAU - Zylbergold, Peter AU - Zylbergold P FAU - Laverdure, Jean-Philippe AU - Laverdure JP FAU - Labbe, Jean-Claude AU - Labbe JC FAU - Miller, Gregory J AU - Miller GJ FAU - Hebert, Terence E AU - Hebert TE LA - eng GR - MOP-79354/Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Canada PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20130213 PL - United States TA - Pharmacol Rev JT - Pharmacological reviews JID - 0421737 RN - 0 (G-protein Beta gamma) RN - 0 (GTP-Binding Protein beta Subunits) RN - 0 (GTP-Binding Protein gamma Subunits) RN - 0 (Small Molecule Libraries) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Binding Sites MH - Drug Discovery MH - GTP-Binding Protein beta Subunits/chemistry/genetics/metabolism/*physiology MH - GTP-Binding Protein gamma Subunits/chemistry/genetics/metabolism/*physiology MH - Humans MH - Models, Molecular MH - Organelles/drug effects/metabolism MH - Phylogeny MH - *Signal Transduction/drug effects MH - *Small Molecule Libraries/pharmacology MH - Species Specificity EDAT- 2013/02/15 06:00 MHDA- 2013/08/02 06:00 CRDT- 2013/02/15 06:00 PHST- 2013/02/15 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2013/02/15 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2013/08/02 06:00 [medline] AID - 65/2/545 [pii] AID - 10.1124/pr.111.005603 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Pharmacol Rev. 2013 Feb 13;65(2):545-77. doi: 10.1124/pr.111.005603. Print 2013 Apr.