PMID- 25022906 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20140917 LR - 20240104 IS - 1471-0064 (Electronic) IS - 1471-0056 (Linking) VI - 15 IP - 8 DP - 2014 Aug TI - Non-viral vectors for gene-based therapy. PG - 541-55 LID - 10.1038/nrg3763 [doi] AB - Gene-based therapy is the intentional modulation of gene expression in specific cells to treat pathological conditions. This modulation is accomplished by introducing exogenous nucleic acids such as DNA, mRNA, small interfering RNA (siRNA), microRNA (miRNA) or antisense oligonucleotides. Given the large size and the negative charge of these macromolecules, their delivery is typically mediated by carriers or vectors. In this Review, we introduce the biological barriers to gene delivery in vivo and discuss recent advances in material sciences, nanotechnology and nucleic acid chemistry that have yielded promising non-viral delivery systems, some of which are currently undergoing testing in clinical trials. The diversity of these systems highlights the recent progress of gene-based therapy using non-viral approaches. FAU - Yin, Hao AU - Yin H AD - David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA. FAU - Kanasty, Rosemary L AU - Kanasty RL AD - 1] David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA. [2] Department of Chemical Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA. FAU - Eltoukhy, Ahmed A AU - Eltoukhy AA AD - David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA. FAU - Vegas, Arturo J AU - Vegas AJ AD - 1] David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA. [2] Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. FAU - Dorkin, J Robert AU - Dorkin JR AD - 1] David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA. [2] Department of Biology, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA. FAU - Anderson, Daniel G AU - Anderson DG AD - 1] David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA. [2] Department of Chemical Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA. [3] Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. [4] Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences & Technology, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA. [5] Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA. LA - eng GR - 5‑U54‑CA151884‑04/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States GR - HHSN268201000045C/PHS HHS/United States GR - P30‑CA14051/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. PT - Review DEP - 20140715 PL - England TA - Nat Rev Genet JT - Nature reviews. Genetics JID - 100962779 RN - 63231-63-0 (RNA) RN - 9007-49-2 (DNA) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - DNA/genetics MH - Gene Transfer Techniques MH - *Genetic Therapy MH - Genetic Vectors/administration & dosage/*genetics MH - Humans MH - RNA/genetics EDAT- 2014/07/16 06:00 MHDA- 2014/09/18 06:00 CRDT- 2014/07/16 06:00 PHST- 2014/07/16 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2014/07/16 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2014/09/18 06:00 [medline] AID - nrg3763 [pii] AID - 10.1038/nrg3763 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nat Rev Genet. 2014 Aug;15(8):541-55. doi: 10.1038/nrg3763. Epub 2014 Jul 15.