PMID- 25355681
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20160324
LR  - 20220408
IS  - 1523-5866 (Electronic)
IS  - 1522-8517 (Print)
IS  - 1522-8517 (Linking)
VI  - 17
IP  - 8
DP  - 2015 Aug
TI  - Programmed death ligand 1 expression and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in 
      glioblastoma.
PG  - 1064-75
LID - 10.1093/neuonc/nou307 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting programmed cell death 1 (PD1) 
      or its ligand (PD-L1) showed activity in several cancer types. METHODS: We 
      performed immunohistochemistry for CD3, CD8, CD20, HLA-DR, phosphatase and tensin 
      homolog (PTEN), PD-1, and PD-L1 and pyrosequencing for assessment of the 
      O6-methylguanine-methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation status in 135 
      glioblastoma specimens (117 initial resection, 18 first local recurrence). PD-L1 
      gene expression was analyzed in 446 cases from The Cancer Genome Atlas. RESULTS: 
      Diffuse/fibrillary PD-L1 expression of variable extent, with or without 
      interspersed epithelioid tumor cells with membranous PD-L1 expression, was 
      observed in 103 of 117 (88.0%) newly diagnosed and 13 of 18 (72.2%) recurrent 
      glioblastoma specimens. Sparse-to-moderate density of tumor-infiltrating 
      lymphocytes (TILs) was found in 85 of 117 (72.6%) specimens (CD3+ 78/117, 66.7%; 
      CD8+ 52/117, 44.4%; CD20+ 27/117, 23.1%; PD1+ 34/117, 29.1%). PD1+ TIL density 
      correlated positively with CD3+ (P < .001), CD8+ (P < .001), CD20+ TIL density (P 
      < .001), and PTEN expression (P = .035). Enrichment of specimens with low PD-L1 
      gene expression levels was observed in the proneural and G-CIMP glioblastoma 
      subtypes and in specimens with high PD-L1 gene expression in the mesenchymal 
      subtype (P = 5.966e-10). No significant differences in PD-L1 expression or TIL 
      density between initial and recurrent glioblastoma specimens or correlation of 
      PD-L1 expression or TIL density with patient age or outcome were evident. 
      CONCLUSION: TILs and PD-L1 expression are detectable in the majority of 
      glioblastoma samples but are not related to outcome. Because the target is 
      present, a clinical study with specific immune checkpoint inhibitors seems to be 
      warranted in glioblastoma.
CI  - (c) The Author(s) 2014. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the 
      Society for Neuro-Oncology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: 
      journals.permissions@oup.com.
FAU - Berghoff, Anna Sophie
AU  - Berghoff AS
AD  - Institute of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., 
      G.R., A.W., J.A.H.); Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 
      Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., O.R., M.F., A.B., C.C.Z., C.M., M.P.); Comprehensive 
      Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., B.K., G.W., 
      O.R., G.R., A.W., K.D., M.F., A.B., C.C.Z., C.M., J.A.H., M.P.); Department of 
      Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (B.K., G.W.); 
      Department of Radiotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (K.D.); 
      Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.W.); 
      Laboratory of Brain Tumor Biology and Genetics, Service of Neurosurgery, 
      Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital Lausanne (CHUV), 
      Lausanne, Switzerland (S.K., M.E.H.); Neurology Clinic and National Center for 
      Tumor Disease, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (W.W.); Clinical 
      Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer 
      Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (W.W.).
FAU - Kiesel, Barbara
AU  - Kiesel B
AD  - Institute of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., 
      G.R., A.W., J.A.H.); Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 
      Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., O.R., M.F., A.B., C.C.Z., C.M., M.P.); Comprehensive 
      Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., B.K., G.W., 
      O.R., G.R., A.W., K.D., M.F., A.B., C.C.Z., C.M., J.A.H., M.P.); Department of 
      Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (B.K., G.W.); 
      Department of Radiotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (K.D.); 
      Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.W.); 
      Laboratory of Brain Tumor Biology and Genetics, Service of Neurosurgery, 
      Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital Lausanne (CHUV), 
      Lausanne, Switzerland (S.K., M.E.H.); Neurology Clinic and National Center for 
      Tumor Disease, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (W.W.); Clinical 
      Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer 
      Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (W.W.).
FAU - Widhalm, Georg
AU  - Widhalm G
AD  - Institute of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., 
      G.R., A.W., J.A.H.); Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 
      Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., O.R., M.F., A.B., C.C.Z., C.M., M.P.); Comprehensive 
      Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., B.K., G.W., 
      O.R., G.R., A.W., K.D., M.F., A.B., C.C.Z., C.M., J.A.H., M.P.); Department of 
      Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (B.K., G.W.); 
      Department of Radiotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (K.D.); 
      Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.W.); 
      Laboratory of Brain Tumor Biology and Genetics, Service of Neurosurgery, 
      Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital Lausanne (CHUV), 
      Lausanne, Switzerland (S.K., M.E.H.); Neurology Clinic and National Center for 
      Tumor Disease, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (W.W.); Clinical 
      Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer 
      Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (W.W.).
FAU - Rajky, Orsolya
AU  - Rajky O
AD  - Institute of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., 
      G.R., A.W., J.A.H.); Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 
      Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., O.R., M.F., A.B., C.C.Z., C.M., M.P.); Comprehensive 
      Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., B.K., G.W., 
      O.R., G.R., A.W., K.D., M.F., A.B., C.C.Z., C.M., J.A.H., M.P.); Department of 
      Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (B.K., G.W.); 
      Department of Radiotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (K.D.); 
      Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.W.); 
      Laboratory of Brain Tumor Biology and Genetics, Service of Neurosurgery, 
      Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital Lausanne (CHUV), 
      Lausanne, Switzerland (S.K., M.E.H.); Neurology Clinic and National Center for 
      Tumor Disease, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (W.W.); Clinical 
      Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer 
      Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (W.W.).
FAU - Ricken, Gerda
AU  - Ricken G
AD  - Institute of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., 
      G.R., A.W., J.A.H.); Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 
      Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., O.R., M.F., A.B., C.C.Z., C.M., M.P.); Comprehensive 
      Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., B.K., G.W., 
      O.R., G.R., A.W., K.D., M.F., A.B., C.C.Z., C.M., J.A.H., M.P.); Department of 
      Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (B.K., G.W.); 
      Department of Radiotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (K.D.); 
      Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.W.); 
      Laboratory of Brain Tumor Biology and Genetics, Service of Neurosurgery, 
      Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital Lausanne (CHUV), 
      Lausanne, Switzerland (S.K., M.E.H.); Neurology Clinic and National Center for 
      Tumor Disease, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (W.W.); Clinical 
      Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer 
      Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (W.W.).
FAU - Wohrer, Adelheid
AU  - Wohrer A
AD  - Institute of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., 
      G.R., A.W., J.A.H.); Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 
      Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., O.R., M.F., A.B., C.C.Z., C.M., M.P.); Comprehensive 
      Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., B.K., G.W., 
      O.R., G.R., A.W., K.D., M.F., A.B., C.C.Z., C.M., J.A.H., M.P.); Department of 
      Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (B.K., G.W.); 
      Department of Radiotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (K.D.); 
      Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.W.); 
      Laboratory of Brain Tumor Biology and Genetics, Service of Neurosurgery, 
      Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital Lausanne (CHUV), 
      Lausanne, Switzerland (S.K., M.E.H.); Neurology Clinic and National Center for 
      Tumor Disease, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (W.W.); Clinical 
      Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer 
      Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (W.W.).
FAU - Dieckmann, Karin
AU  - Dieckmann K
AD  - Institute of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., 
      G.R., A.W., J.A.H.); Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 
      Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., O.R., M.F., A.B., C.C.Z., C.M., M.P.); Comprehensive 
      Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., B.K., G.W., 
      O.R., G.R., A.W., K.D., M.F., A.B., C.C.Z., C.M., J.A.H., M.P.); Department of 
      Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (B.K., G.W.); 
      Department of Radiotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (K.D.); 
      Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.W.); 
      Laboratory of Brain Tumor Biology and Genetics, Service of Neurosurgery, 
      Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital Lausanne (CHUV), 
      Lausanne, Switzerland (S.K., M.E.H.); Neurology Clinic and National Center for 
      Tumor Disease, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (W.W.); Clinical 
      Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer 
      Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (W.W.).
FAU - Filipits, Martin
AU  - Filipits M
AD  - Institute of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., 
      G.R., A.W., J.A.H.); Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 
      Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., O.R., M.F., A.B., C.C.Z., C.M., M.P.); Comprehensive 
      Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., B.K., G.W., 
      O.R., G.R., A.W., K.D., M.F., A.B., C.C.Z., C.M., J.A.H., M.P.); Department of 
      Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (B.K., G.W.); 
      Department of Radiotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (K.D.); 
      Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.W.); 
      Laboratory of Brain Tumor Biology and Genetics, Service of Neurosurgery, 
      Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital Lausanne (CHUV), 
      Lausanne, Switzerland (S.K., M.E.H.); Neurology Clinic and National Center for 
      Tumor Disease, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (W.W.); Clinical 
      Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer 
      Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (W.W.).
FAU - Brandstetter, Anita
AU  - Brandstetter A
AD  - Institute of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., 
      G.R., A.W., J.A.H.); Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 
      Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., O.R., M.F., A.B., C.C.Z., C.M., M.P.); Comprehensive 
      Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., B.K., G.W., 
      O.R., G.R., A.W., K.D., M.F., A.B., C.C.Z., C.M., J.A.H., M.P.); Department of 
      Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (B.K., G.W.); 
      Department of Radiotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (K.D.); 
      Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.W.); 
      Laboratory of Brain Tumor Biology and Genetics, Service of Neurosurgery, 
      Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital Lausanne (CHUV), 
      Lausanne, Switzerland (S.K., M.E.H.); Neurology Clinic and National Center for 
      Tumor Disease, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (W.W.); Clinical 
      Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer 
      Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (W.W.).
FAU - Weller, Michael
AU  - Weller M
AD  - Institute of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., 
      G.R., A.W., J.A.H.); Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 
      Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., O.R., M.F., A.B., C.C.Z., C.M., M.P.); Comprehensive 
      Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., B.K., G.W., 
      O.R., G.R., A.W., K.D., M.F., A.B., C.C.Z., C.M., J.A.H., M.P.); Department of 
      Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (B.K., G.W.); 
      Department of Radiotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (K.D.); 
      Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.W.); 
      Laboratory of Brain Tumor Biology and Genetics, Service of Neurosurgery, 
      Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital Lausanne (CHUV), 
      Lausanne, Switzerland (S.K., M.E.H.); Neurology Clinic and National Center for 
      Tumor Disease, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (W.W.); Clinical 
      Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer 
      Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (W.W.).
FAU - Kurscheid, Sebastian
AU  - Kurscheid S
AD  - Institute of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., 
      G.R., A.W., J.A.H.); Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 
      Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., O.R., M.F., A.B., C.C.Z., C.M., M.P.); Comprehensive 
      Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., B.K., G.W., 
      O.R., G.R., A.W., K.D., M.F., A.B., C.C.Z., C.M., J.A.H., M.P.); Department of 
      Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (B.K., G.W.); 
      Department of Radiotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (K.D.); 
      Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.W.); 
      Laboratory of Brain Tumor Biology and Genetics, Service of Neurosurgery, 
      Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital Lausanne (CHUV), 
      Lausanne, Switzerland (S.K., M.E.H.); Neurology Clinic and National Center for 
      Tumor Disease, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (W.W.); Clinical 
      Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer 
      Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (W.W.).
FAU - Hegi, Monika E
AU  - Hegi ME
AD  - Institute of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., 
      G.R., A.W., J.A.H.); Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 
      Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., O.R., M.F., A.B., C.C.Z., C.M., M.P.); Comprehensive 
      Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., B.K., G.W., 
      O.R., G.R., A.W., K.D., M.F., A.B., C.C.Z., C.M., J.A.H., M.P.); Department of 
      Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (B.K., G.W.); 
      Department of Radiotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (K.D.); 
      Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.W.); 
      Laboratory of Brain Tumor Biology and Genetics, Service of Neurosurgery, 
      Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital Lausanne (CHUV), 
      Lausanne, Switzerland (S.K., M.E.H.); Neurology Clinic and National Center for 
      Tumor Disease, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (W.W.); Clinical 
      Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer 
      Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (W.W.).
FAU - Zielinski, Christoph C
AU  - Zielinski CC
AD  - Institute of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., 
      G.R., A.W., J.A.H.); Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 
      Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., O.R., M.F., A.B., C.C.Z., C.M., M.P.); Comprehensive 
      Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., B.K., G.W., 
      O.R., G.R., A.W., K.D., M.F., A.B., C.C.Z., C.M., J.A.H., M.P.); Department of 
      Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (B.K., G.W.); 
      Department of Radiotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (K.D.); 
      Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.W.); 
      Laboratory of Brain Tumor Biology and Genetics, Service of Neurosurgery, 
      Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital Lausanne (CHUV), 
      Lausanne, Switzerland (S.K., M.E.H.); Neurology Clinic and National Center for 
      Tumor Disease, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (W.W.); Clinical 
      Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer 
      Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (W.W.).
FAU - Marosi, Christine
AU  - Marosi C
AD  - Institute of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., 
      G.R., A.W., J.A.H.); Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 
      Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., O.R., M.F., A.B., C.C.Z., C.M., M.P.); Comprehensive 
      Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., B.K., G.W., 
      O.R., G.R., A.W., K.D., M.F., A.B., C.C.Z., C.M., J.A.H., M.P.); Department of 
      Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (B.K., G.W.); 
      Department of Radiotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (K.D.); 
      Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.W.); 
      Laboratory of Brain Tumor Biology and Genetics, Service of Neurosurgery, 
      Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital Lausanne (CHUV), 
      Lausanne, Switzerland (S.K., M.E.H.); Neurology Clinic and National Center for 
      Tumor Disease, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (W.W.); Clinical 
      Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer 
      Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (W.W.).
FAU - Hainfellner, Johannes A
AU  - Hainfellner JA
AD  - Institute of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., 
      G.R., A.W., J.A.H.); Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 
      Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., O.R., M.F., A.B., C.C.Z., C.M., M.P.); Comprehensive 
      Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., B.K., G.W., 
      O.R., G.R., A.W., K.D., M.F., A.B., C.C.Z., C.M., J.A.H., M.P.); Department of 
      Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (B.K., G.W.); 
      Department of Radiotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (K.D.); 
      Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.W.); 
      Laboratory of Brain Tumor Biology and Genetics, Service of Neurosurgery, 
      Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital Lausanne (CHUV), 
      Lausanne, Switzerland (S.K., M.E.H.); Neurology Clinic and National Center for 
      Tumor Disease, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (W.W.); Clinical 
      Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer 
      Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (W.W.).
FAU - Preusser, Matthias
AU  - Preusser M
AD  - Institute of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., 
      G.R., A.W., J.A.H.); Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 
      Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., O.R., M.F., A.B., C.C.Z., C.M., M.P.); Comprehensive 
      Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., B.K., G.W., 
      O.R., G.R., A.W., K.D., M.F., A.B., C.C.Z., C.M., J.A.H., M.P.); Department of 
      Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (B.K., G.W.); 
      Department of Radiotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (K.D.); 
      Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.W.); 
      Laboratory of Brain Tumor Biology and Genetics, Service of Neurosurgery, 
      Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital Lausanne (CHUV), 
      Lausanne, Switzerland (S.K., M.E.H.); Neurology Clinic and National Center for 
      Tumor Disease, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (W.W.); Clinical 
      Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer 
      Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (W.W.).
FAU - Wick, Wolfgang
AU  - Wick W
AD  - Institute of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., 
      G.R., A.W., J.A.H.); Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 
      Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., O.R., M.F., A.B., C.C.Z., C.M., M.P.); Comprehensive 
      Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (A.S.B., B.K., G.W., 
      O.R., G.R., A.W., K.D., M.F., A.B., C.C.Z., C.M., J.A.H., M.P.); Department of 
      Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (B.K., G.W.); 
      Department of Radiotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (K.D.); 
      Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (M.W.); 
      Laboratory of Brain Tumor Biology and Genetics, Service of Neurosurgery, 
      Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital Lausanne (CHUV), 
      Lausanne, Switzerland (S.K., M.E.H.); Neurology Clinic and National Center for 
      Tumor Disease, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (W.W.); Clinical 
      Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer 
      Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany (W.W.).
LA  - eng
GR  - KLI 394/FWF_/Austrian Science Fund FWF/Austria
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20141029
PL  - England
TA  - Neuro Oncol
JT  - Neuro-oncology
JID - 100887420
RN  - 0 (B7-H1 Antigen)
RN  - 0 (CD274 protein, human)
RN  - EC 3.1.3.67 (PTEN Phosphohydrolase)
RN  - EC 3.1.3.67 (PTEN protein, human)
SB  - IM
CIN - Neuro Oncol. 2015 Aug;17(8):1043-5. PMID: 25964311
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - Aged, 80 and over
MH  - B7-H1 Antigen/*metabolism
MH  - Brain Neoplasms/*metabolism/mortality
MH  - Glioblastoma/*metabolism/mortality
MH  - Humans
MH  - Kaplan-Meier Estimate
MH  - Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/*metabolism
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - PTEN Phosphohydrolase/metabolism
MH  - Young Adult
PMC - PMC4490866
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - glioblastoma
OT  - immune checkpoint
OT  - programmed death 1
OT  - programmed death ligand 1
EDAT- 2014/10/31 06:00
MHDA- 2016/03/25 06:00
PMCR- 2016/08/01
CRDT- 2014/10/31 06:00
PHST- 2014/07/30 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/10/04 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/10/31 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/10/31 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2016/03/25 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2016/08/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - nou307 [pii]
AID - 10.1093/neuonc/nou307 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Neuro Oncol. 2015 Aug;17(8):1064-75. doi: 10.1093/neuonc/nou307. Epub 2014 Oct 
      29.