PMID- 2567637
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19890804
LR  - 20220321
IS  - 0092-8674 (Print)
IS  - 0092-8674 (Linking)
VI  - 57
IP  - 7
DP  - 1989 Jun 30
TI  - The gradient morphogen bicoid is a concentration-dependent transcriptional 
      activator.
PG  - 1259-73
AB  - The bicoid (bcd) protein is expressed in an anteroposterior gradient in early 
      Drosophila embryos and controls the zygotic activation of the segmentation gene 
      hunchback (hb) in a broad but precisely bounded anterior domain. Here we show 
      that the hb gene contains multiple regulatory elements that mediate 
      transcriptional activation in response to bcd protein. Further, we demonstrate 
      that the resulting patterns of expression in vivo depend critically on both the 
      bcd gradient profile and the number and quality of these hb elements. Finally, we 
      show that these same elements mediate bcd-dependent transcriptional activation in 
      yeast and that this interaction requires distinct DNA binding and activating 
      regions in the bcd protein. Our results argue that bcd protein normally binds and 
      activates the hb gene in a concentration-dependent fashion, thereby allowing the 
      gradient of bcd protein to dictate where the hb gene is initially turned on in 
      early embryos. They also suggest that the bcd gradient has the instructive 
      capacity to activate other subordinate control genes by the same mechanism, each 
      in a distinct spatial domain according to its affinity for bcd protein.
FAU - Struhl, G
AU  - Struhl G
AD  - Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Columbia University College of Physicians and 
      Surgeons, New York, New York 10032.
FAU - Struhl, K
AU  - Struhl K
FAU - Macdonald, P M
AU  - Macdonald PM
LA  - eng
GR  - GM30186/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
PL  - United States
TA  - Cell
JT  - Cell
JID - 0413066
RN  - 0 (DNA-Binding Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Transcription Factors)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - DNA Mutational Analysis
MH  - DNA-Binding Proteins/*physiology
MH  - Drosophila melanogaster/*embryology/genetics
MH  - Gene Expression Regulation
MH  - Genes
MH  - Genes, Homeobox
MH  - Morphogenesis
MH  - Promoter Regions, Genetic
MH  - Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid
MH  - Transcription Factors/*physiology
MH  - *Transcription, Genetic
EDAT- 1989/06/30 00:00
MHDA- 1989/06/30 00:01
CRDT- 1989/06/30 00:00
PHST- 1989/06/30 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1989/06/30 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1989/06/30 00:00 [entrez]
AID - 0092-8674(89)90062-7 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/0092-8674(89)90062-7 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Cell. 1989 Jun 30;57(7):1259-73. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(89)90062-7.