PMID- 27188790
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20180116
LR  - 20220321
IS  - 2056-676X (Electronic)
IS  - 2056-676X (Linking)
VI  - 1
DP  - 2015 Jul 16
TI  - Glioma.
PG  - 15017
LID - 10.1038/nrdp.2015.17 [doi]
AB  - Gliomas are primary brain tumours that are thought to derive from neuroglial stem 
      or progenitor cells. On the basis of their histological appearance, they have 
      been traditionally classified as astrocytic, oligodendroglial or ependymal 
      tumours and assigned WHO grades I-IV, which indicate different degrees of 
      malignancy. Tremendous progress in genomic, transcriptomic and epigenetic 
      profiling has resulted in new concepts of classifying and treating gliomas. 
      Diffusely infiltrating gliomas in adults are now separated into three overarching 
      tumour groups with distinct natural histories, responses to treatment and 
      outcomes: isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-mutant, 1p/19q co-deleted tumours with 
      mostly oligodendroglial morphology that are associated with the best prognosis; 
      IDH-mutant, 1p/19q non-co-deleted tumours with mostly astrocytic histology that 
      are associated with intermediate outcome; and IDH wild-type, mostly higher WHO 
      grade (III or IV) tumours that are associated with poor prognosis. Gliomas in 
      children are molecularly distinct from those in adults, the majority being WHO 
      grade I pilocytic astrocytomas characterized by circumscribed growth, favourable 
      prognosis and frequent BRAF gene fusions or mutations. Ependymal tumours can be 
      molecularly subdivided into distinct epigenetic subgroups according to location 
      and prognosis. Although surgery, radiotherapy and alkylating agent chemotherapy 
      are still the mainstay of treatment, individually tailored strategies based on 
      tumour-intrinsic dominant signalling pathways and antigenic tumour profiles may 
      ultimately improve outcome. For an illustrated summary of this Primer, visit: 
      http://go.nature.com/TXY7Ri.
FAU - Weller, Michael
AU  - Weller M
AD  - Department of Neurology and Brain Tumor Center, University Hospital Zurich and 
      University of Zurich, Frauenklinikstrasse 26, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
FAU - Wick, Wolfgang
AU  - Wick W
AD  - Neurology Clinic, University of Heidelberg and German Cancer Research Center, 
      Heidelberg, Germany.
FAU - Aldape, Ken
AU  - Aldape K
AD  - Department of Pathology, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
FAU - Brada, Michael
AU  - Brada M
AD  - Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine and Department of Radiation 
      Oncology, University of Liverpool and Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation 
      Trust, Liverpool, UK.
FAU - Berger, Mitchell
AU  - Berger M
AD  - Department of Neurological Surgery and Brain Tumor Research Center, University of 
      California, San Francisco, California, USA.
FAU - Pfister, Stefan M
AU  - Pfister SM
AD  - Division of Pediatric Neuro-Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 
      Heidelberg, Germany.
AD  - Department of Pediatric Haematology and Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 
      Heidelberg, Germany.
FAU - Nishikawa, Ryo
AU  - Nishikawa R
AD  - Department of Neuro-Oncology and Neurosurgery, Saitama Medical University, 
      Saitama, Japan.
FAU - Rosenthal, Mark
AU  - Rosenthal M
AD  - Department of Medical Oncology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Victoria 3050, 
      Australia.
FAU - Wen, Patrick Y
AU  - Wen PY
AD  - Center for Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Boston, 
      Massachusetts, USA.
FAU - Stupp, Roger
AU  - Stupp R
AD  - Department of Oncology and Brain Tumor Center, University Hospital Zurich and 
      University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
FAU - Reifenberger, Guido
AU  - Reifenberger G
AD  - Department of Neuropathology, Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf, and German 
      Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, 
      partner site Essen/Dusseldorf, Germany.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20150716
PL  - England
TA  - Nat Rev Dis Primers
JT  - Nature reviews. Disease primers
JID - 101672103
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Brain Neoplasms/*genetics/pathology/therapy
MH  - Child
MH  - Glioma/*genetics/pathology/therapy
MH  - Humans
MH  - Mutation
MH  - Neoplasm Grading/methods
MH  - Prognosis
EDAT- 2015/01/01 00:00
MHDA- 2015/01/01 00:01
CRDT- 2016/05/19 06:00
PHST- 2016/05/19 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/01/01 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/01/01 00:01 [medline]
AID - nrdp201517 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/nrdp.2015.17 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2015 Jul 16;1:15017. doi: 10.1038/nrdp.2015.17.