PMID- 32284537
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210802
LR  - 20210802
IS  - 2092-6413 (Electronic)
IS  - 1226-3613 (Print)
IS  - 1226-3613 (Linking)
VI  - 52
IP  - 4
DP  - 2020 Apr
TI  - New fluid biomarkers tracking non-amyloid-beta and non-tau pathology in Alzheimer's 
      disease.
PG  - 556-568
LID - 10.1038/s12276-020-0418-9 [doi]
AB  - Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers based on the core pathological proteins 
      associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD), i.e., amyloid-beta (Abeta) and tau protein, 
      are widely regarded as useful diagnostic biomarkers. However, a lack of 
      biomarkers for monitoring the treatment response and indexing clinical severity 
      has proven to be problematic in drug trials targeting Abeta. Therefore, new 
      biomarkers are needed to track non-Abeta and non-tau pathology. Many proteins 
      involved in the pathophysiological progression of AD have shown promise as new 
      biomarkers. Neurodegeneration- and synapse-related biomarkers in CSF (e.g., 
      neurofilament light polypeptide [NFL], neurogranin, and visinin-like protein 1) 
      and blood (e.g., NFL) aid prediction of AD progress, as well as early diagnosis. 
      Neuroinflammation, lipid dysmetabolism, and impaired protein clearance are 
      considered important components of AD pathophysiology. Inflammation-related 
      proteins in the CSF, such as progranulin, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, and 
      chitinase-3-like protein 1 (YKL-40), are useful for the early detection of AD and 
      can represent clinical severity. Several lipid metabolism-associated biomarkers 
      and protein clearance-linked markers have also been suggested as candidate AD 
      biomarkers. Combinations of subsets of new biomarkers enhance their utility in 
      terms of broadly characterizing AD-associated pathological changes, thereby 
      facilitating precise selection of susceptible patients and comprehensive 
      monitoring of the treatment response. This approach could facilitate the 
      development of effective treatments for AD.
FAU - Park, Sun Ah
AU  - Park SA
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3027-3259
AD  - Lab for Neurodegenerative Dementia, Department of Anatomy, Ajou University School 
      of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea. sap001@ajou.ac.kr.
AD  - Department of Neurology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, 
      Republic of Korea. sap001@ajou.ac.kr.
AD  - Neuroscience Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University 
      Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea. sap001@ajou.ac.kr.
FAU - Han, Song Mi
AU  - Han SM
AD  - Lab for Neurodegenerative Dementia, Department of Anatomy, Ajou University School 
      of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea.
AD  - Neuroscience Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University 
      Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Kim, Chae Eun
AU  - Kim CE
AD  - Lab for Neurodegenerative Dementia, Department of Anatomy, Ajou University School 
      of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea.
AD  - Neuroscience Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University 
      Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea.
LA  - eng
GR  - NRF-2018R1A2B6009439/National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)/International
GR  - NRF-2019R1A5A2026045/National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)/International
GR  - NRF-2018M3C7A1056293/National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)/International
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
DEP - 20200413
PL  - United States
TA  - Exp Mol Med
JT  - Experimental & molecular medicine
JID - 9607880
RN  - 0 (Amyloid beta-Peptides)
RN  - 0 (Amyloidogenic Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
RN  - 0 (Inflammation Mediators)
RN  - 0 (tau Proteins)
SB  - IM
MH  - Alzheimer Disease/diagnosis/*etiology/*metabolism
MH  - Amyloid beta-Peptides/blood/cerebrospinal fluid/metabolism
MH  - Amyloidogenic Proteins/blood/cerebrospinal fluid/*metabolism
MH  - Axons/metabolism/pathology
MH  - *Biomarkers/blood/cerebrospinal fluid
MH  - Blood-Brain Barrier/metabolism
MH  - *Disease Susceptibility
MH  - Humans
MH  - Inflammation Mediators/blood/cerebrospinal fluid/metabolism
MH  - Lipid Metabolism
MH  - Liquid Biopsy/methods
MH  - Molecular Diagnostic Techniques
MH  - Nerve Degeneration
MH  - Prognosis
MH  - Synapses/metabolism/pathology
MH  - tau Proteins/blood/cerebrospinal fluid/metabolism
PMC - PMC7210893
COIS- The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2020/04/15 06:00
MHDA- 2021/08/03 06:00
PMCR- 2020/04/13
CRDT- 2020/04/15 06:00
PHST- 2019/10/27 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/03/09 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/03/06 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/04/15 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/08/03 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/04/15 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/04/13 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1038/s12276-020-0418-9 [pii]
AID - 418 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/s12276-020-0418-9 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Exp Mol Med. 2020 Apr;52(4):556-568. doi: 10.1038/s12276-020-0418-9. Epub 2020 
      Apr 13.