PMID- 6164095
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19810613
LR  - 20190618
IS  - 0036-8075 (Print)
IS  - 0036-8075 (Linking)
VI  - 211
IP  - 4480
DP  - 1981 Jan 23
TI  - Reactivation of an inactive human X chromosome: evidence for X inactivation by 
      DNA methylation.
PG  - 393-6
AB  - A mouse-human somatic cell hybrid clone, deficient in hypoxanthine-guanine 
      phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) and containing a structurally normal inactive 
      human X chromosome, was isolated. The hybrid cells were treated with 
      5-azacytidine and tested for the reactivation and expression of human X-linked 
      genes. The frequency of HPRT-positives clones after 5-azacytidine treatment was 
      1000-fold greater than that observed in untreated hybrid cells. Fourteen 
      independent HPRT-positive clones were isolated and analyzed for the expression of 
      human X markers. Isoelectric focusing showed that the HPRT expressed in these 
      clones is human. One of the 14 clones expressed human glucose-6-phosphate 
      dehydrogenase and another expressed human phosphoglycerate kinase. Since 
      5-azacytidine treatment results in hypomethylation of DNA, DNA methylation may be 
      a mechanism of human X chromosome inactivation.
FAU - Mohandas, T
AU  - Mohandas T
FAU - Sparkes, R S
AU  - Sparkes RS
FAU - Shapiro, L J
AU  - Shapiro LJ
LA  - eng
GR  - HD-04612/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States
GR  - HD-05615/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States
GR  - HD-12178/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
PL  - United States
TA  - Science
JT  - Science (New York, N.Y.)
JID - 0404511
RN  - 9007-49-2 (DNA)
RN  - EC 1.1.1.49 (Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase)
RN  - EC 2.4.2.8 (Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase)
RN  - M801H13NRU (Azacitidine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Azacitidine/*pharmacology
MH  - Base Sequence
MH  - Cell Differentiation
MH  - DNA/*metabolism
MH  - Female
MH  - Gene Expression Regulation/*drug effects
MH  - Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase/genetics
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hybrid Cells/physiology
MH  - Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase/genetics
MH  - Methylation
MH  - Mice
MH  - *Sex Chromosomes
MH  - *X Chromosome
EDAT- 1981/01/23 00:00
MHDA- 1981/01/23 00:01
CRDT- 1981/01/23 00:00
PHST- 1981/01/23 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1981/01/23 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1981/01/23 00:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1126/science.6164095 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Science. 1981 Jan 23;211(4480):393-6. doi: 10.1126/science.6164095.